不同茶树品种原料对青砖茶品质的影响

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究不同茶树品种原料对青砖茶品质的影响。采用13个不同茶类适制性品种的原料制成青砖茶,采用感官审评评价茶叶感官品质,通过化学分析和GC-MS法比较分析主要品质成分及香气成分含量。结果表明,不同茶树品种原料制成的青砖茶主要品质成分差异显著,迎霜、乌龙2号和4号品种原料加工的青砖茶水浸出含量、茶多酚、儿茶素、氨基酸和可溶性糖含量都较高,内含物丰富;乌牛早、白叶1号、福鼎大白茶和鄂茶10号品种原料所制青砖茶水浸出物含量、茶多酚、氨基酸和儿茶素含量相对较低,酚氨比也较低,感官品质表现为滋味醇和;香气物质分析显示各品种青砖茶香气成分以醇类、醛类、酮类和烷烯烃类为主,占香气总量的85%以上。乌龙1号品种茶样香气成分总量最高,与其他品种茶样香气相似率最低,品种香突出;乌龙4号品种茶样与其他品种香气相似率都较高,香气协调性较好。感官品质分析表明,鄂茶10号、乌龙1号和4号品种茶样综合品质最好,评分在88分以上,白叶1号样品评分最低;槠叶齐、鄂茶1号和乌龙品种茶样有特殊的品种香。乌龙茶适制品种加工的青砖茶水浸出物、酚氨比较高,香气独特;红绿兼制品种加工青砖茶内含物和多酚含量相对较高,综合品质较好;绿茶适制品种原料加工的青砖茶滋味醇和或平和,适合与其他多酚含量高的品种原料拼配加工。

关键词: 青砖茶, 茶树品种, 加工, 品质, 香气

Abstract: To explore the influence of tea leaves from different cultivars on the quality of Green brick tea, the leaves of 13 tea cultivars were used in this study. The sensory qualities of Green brick teas were evaluated according to the sensory evaluation. The main chemicals and aroma components were analyzed by chemical analysis and GC-MS method. The main components of Green brick teas made from different tea cultivars were significantly different. Among them, high contents of water extract, tea polyphenols, catechins, amino acids and soluble sugars of Green brick teas from Yingshuang, Oolong 2 and 4 were observed, but their contents in Green brick teas from Wuniuzao, Baiye 1, Fuding Dabaicha and E′cha 10 were relatively low. The latter also showed low ratio of phenol to ammonia and mellow taste. Aroma analysis shows that main aroma components were alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and alkenes, accounting for more than 85% of the total aroma. Green brick tea from Oolong 1 had the highest total aroma content and the lowest aroma similarity with other cultivars, with an outstanding aroma. Green brick tea from Oolong 4 had higher aroma similarity and better aroma coordination with other cultivars. Sensory quality analysis shows that the comprehensive qualities of Green brick teas from E′cha 10, Oolong 1 and 4 were the best, with a score of more than 88. Green brick tea from Baiye 1 had the lowest score. Green brick teas from Zhuyeqi, Echa 1 and Oolong cultivars had special fragrance. Green brick teas from oolong cultivars had the characteristics of abundant water extract, high ratio of polyphenols to amino acids, and special aroma. The Green brick teas from cultivars suitable for processing both green and black tea contained relatively high water extract and polyphenols, and good comprehensive quality. The Green brick teas from cultivars suitable for processing green tea only had mellow or neutral taste, suggesting the possibility to blending with other cultivars containing high polyphenols.

Key words: Green brick tea, tea cultivar, processing, quality, aroma

中图分类号:

S571.1

殷雨心, 陈玉琼, 焦远方, 郝娟, 余志, 倪德江. 不同茶树品种原料对青砖茶品质的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 2021, 41(1): 48-57. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.01.006.

YIN Yuxin, CHEN Yuqiong, JIAO Yuanfang, HAO Juan, YU Zhi, NI Dejiang. Effects of Raw Materials from Different Tea Cultivars on Green Brick Tea Quality[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2021, 41(1): 48-57. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.01.006.

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