茶树一种新枝条枯萎病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂筛选

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在浙江省瑞安市茶园种植的嘉茗1号茶树上,夏秋季大面积发生一种未见报道的枝条枯萎病,发病枝条出现褐色不规则病斑,病斑可扩大蔓延至芽叶,造成茶芽枯萎,叶片卷曲皱缩,进而整个枝条枯萎死亡。利用组织分离法从发病枝条上分离得到1株真菌,结合菌株的形态特征以及ITS、TUB2和TEF1-α序列构建的多基因系统发育树分析,鉴定该菌株为梭孢葡萄座腔菌（Botryosphaeria fusispora）。室内致病力测试表明,B. fusispora通过伤口侵染茶树枝条造成枯萎病的发生。以上结果表明,作为新纪录种,B. fusispora是引起茶树该新病害发生的病原菌。采用室内菌丝生长速率抑制法测定了3种杀菌剂（百菌清、甲基硫菌灵和吡唑醚菌酯）对病原菌的抑制效果。结果表明,甲基硫菌灵和吡唑醚菌酯对B. fusispora均有较强的毒力,EC₅₀值分别为1.91 μg·mL^-1和2.25 μg·mL^-1。

关键词: 茶树, 枝条枯萎病, 葡萄座腔菌属, 室内毒力测定

Abstract: During summer and autumn, serious new twig wilting occurs on a large scale in ‘Jiaming No. 1' tea gardens of Ruian City, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. The disease initially appears as irregular brown spots on the twigs, which later spread to shoots and leaves, causing the tea shoots to wilt and the leaves to curl and shrink, and eventually the whole branch to die. In this study, a strain was isolated and purified using the tissue isolation method. Combining the morphological characteristics with the phylogenetic analyses based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), β-tubulin (TUB2), and the translation elongation factor1 alpha (TEF1-α), the isolated strain was identified as Botryosphaeria fusispora. Laboratory pathogenicity tests show that B. fusispora was the pathogen causing the twig wilting disease present on ‘Jiaming No. 1'. These results indicate that B. fusispora can be a new record species causing twig wilting on tea plants. In addition, mycelial growth inhibition tests were conducted to examine the sensitivity of the pathogen to three commercial fungicides, including chlorothalonil, thiophanate-methyl and pyraclostrobin. Among the tested fungicides, thiophanate-methyl was found to be the most effective in suppressing the radial growth of the strain, with an EC₅₀of 1.91 μg·mL^-1, followed by pyraclostrobin, with an EC₅₀of 2.25 μg·mL^-1.

Key words: tea plants, twig wilting, Botryosphaeria spp., indoor toxicity test

中图分类号:

王娟, 涂一怡, 吕务云, 陈易佳, 李士朴, 王玉春, 陈雅楠. 茶树一种新枝条枯萎病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂筛选[J]. 茶叶科学, 2024, 44(5): 807-815. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.05.007.

WANG Juan, TU Yiyi, LÜ Wuyun, CHEN Yijia, LI Shipu, WANG Yuchun, CHEN Yanan. Identification of the Pathogen Causing New Twig Wilting on Tea Plants and Screening of Control Chemicals[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2024, 44(5): 807-815. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.05.007.

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