通过室内模拟试验和田间试验相结合的方法,探究3种改良剂（秸秆生物质炭、钙镁磷肥和蚯蚓液态肥）及其不同配施方式对强酸性高硒茶园土壤硒有效性的调控效果与机理。模拟施肥试验结果表明,不同处理均可显著提高土壤pH值和降低交换态铝含量,同时显著提高有效硒含量。形态分析结果表明,硒由有机结合态向可溶态转化,从而增加土壤有效硒含量;铝由交换态向有机配位态转化,土壤潜性酸度降低,进一步增强硒的有效性。田间试验结果表明,秸秆生物质炭和钙镁磷肥的不同配施方式均能有效抑制茶园土壤进一步酸化,显著提高土壤硒有效性及茶叶硒含量,其中同时施用秸秆生物质炭和钙镁磷肥再错时配施蚯蚓液态肥的效果最佳。本研究可为酸性富硒土壤地区开发富硒茶提供依据。
Abstract
A series of incubation experiment and field trail were carried out to study the effects and mechanisms of three amendments (straw charcoal, calcium-magnesium phosphate and earthworm liquid fertilizer) and their different applying modes on selenium (Se) availability of highly acidic and Se-rich soil in tea gardens. The results of incubation experiment showed that all treatments increased soil pH and the contents of available Se, but decreased the contents of exchangeable aluminum (Al) significantly. Se was transformed from organic bound form to soluble form, and Al was transformed from exchangeable form to organic complexed form by morphological analysis. The results of field trail showed that different applying modes effectively inhibited further soil acidification, enhanced the availability of Se and increased the Se content in tea leaves simultaneously. A combined application of straw charcoal, calcium-magnesium phosphate and earthworm liquid fertilizer showed the highest effects. The results of this research provide reference to develop Se-enriched tea in acidic and selenium-rich area.
关键词
茶园土壤 /
活性铝 /
酸化 /
土壤改良剂 /
有效硒
Key words
acidification /
active alumina /
available selenium /
soil amendment /
tea soil
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基金
农业部科研项目（201303106）、国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAK19B00）
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