鸟类栖息地保护的茶园OECMs潜在空间价值评估研究&#x02014;以钱江源国家公园候选区为例

高雅楠; 陈鹤鸣; 胡立辉

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.04.001

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茶叶科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4) : 747-760. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.04.001

研究报告

鸟类栖息地保护的茶园OECMs潜在空间价值评估研究—以钱江源国家公园候选区为例

高雅楠, 陈鹤鸣, 胡立辉^*

作者信息 +

Potential Spatial Value Assessment of OECMs in Tea Gardens for Bird Habitat Protection: A Case Study of the Candidate Area of Qianjiangyuan National Park

GAO Yanan, CHEN Heming, HU Lihui^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

国家公园是生物多样性保护的核心载体,但仍面临覆盖范围有限及景观连通性不足等挑战,“其他有效的区域保护措施”（OECMs）是弥补国家公园外围保护空白的关键机制。以钱江源国家公园候选区所在的开化县为研究区,基于17种关键鸟类分布数据,运用MaxEnt模型与GIS空间叠加法识别保护空缺,并结合双变量空间自相关模型量化评估茶园作为潜在OECMs的补充价值。研究结果表明,现有国家公园仅覆盖了20.63%的鸟类高适生区,约80%的关键鸟类的高适生区分布于保护地之外,存在明显空白。茶园与鸟类优先保护空间呈显著正相关（Moran's I=0.238）,研究区西北部茶园呈现显著“高-高”集聚特征,证实了二者的空间同位性。研究区内57.15%的茶园有效覆盖了钱江源国家公园外围的鸟类优先保护空间,为红头长尾山雀（Aegithalos concinnus）等珍稀物种提供了关键生境。茶园独特的“乔-灌”复合结构发挥了“生态踏脚石”作用,符合OECMs“非意图性保护”属性,将这类具有高生态价值的生产景观纳入OECMs管理体系,可提升整体生态网络的连通性与稳定性。

Abstract

Although national parks are the primary means of conserving biodiversity, they face challenges such as limited coverage and insufficient landscape connectivity. Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) represent a key mechanism to bridge these conservation gaps. Focusing on Kaihua County, home to the candidate area of Qianjiangyuan National Park, this study utilized data on 17 key bird species to identify conservation gaps via the MaxEnt model and systematic conservation planning. Additionally, a bivariate spatial autocorrelation model was employed to quantify the supplementary value of tea gardens as potential OECMs. The results indicate that the existing national park covers only 20.63% of highly suitable bird habitats, with approximately 80% of these key areas located outside protected boundaries, revealing a distinct conservation gap. A significant positive spatial correlation was found between tea gardens and priority bird conservation areas (Moran’s I =0.238), with tea gardens in the northwest exhibiting significant “High-High” clustering, confirming their spatial congruence. Furthermore, 57.15% of the tea gardens in the study area effectively covered the bird priority protection space outside the Qianjiangyuan National Park, providing critical habitats for rare species such as the Black-throated Bushtit (Aegithalos concinnus). The unique “tree-shrub” composite structure of tea gardens functions as “ecological stepping stones” consistent with the “unintentional conservation” characteristic of OECMs. This kind of production landscape with high ecological value is incorporated into the OECMs management system, thereby improving the connectivity and stability of the overall ecological network.

导出引用

高雅楠, 陈鹤鸣, 胡立辉. 鸟类栖息地保护的茶园OECMs潜在空间价值评估研究—以钱江源国家公园候选区为例[J]. 茶叶科学. 2026, 46(4): 747-760 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.04.001

GAO Yanan, CHEN Heming, HU Lihui. Potential Spatial Value Assessment of OECMs in Tea Gardens for Bird Habitat Protection: A Case Study of the Candidate Area of Qianjiangyuan National Park[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2026, 46(4): 747-760 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.04.001

中图分类号： S571.1 Q142

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