为探索工业废弃茶渣在茶园培肥中的有效利用技术,采用工程生物蚯蚓处理废弃茶渣与牛粪和稻秆的复混物料,研究了蚯蚓在茶渣复混物料中的生长繁殖情况,以及处理前后物料肥力属性的变化。结果表明：蚯蚓在茶渣含量20%的复混物料中可以正常生长繁殖,并完成对复混物料的肥料化处理。20%茶渣复混80%牛粪的物料对蚯蚓的繁殖更有利,而20%茶渣复混80%稻秆对蚯蚓的生长更有利。蚯蚓处理废弃茶渣复混物料会消耗一定有机碳,同时提升氮磷钾等矿质养分的有效性,氮素有效性较无蚯蚓对照组提高23.24%~46.96%,磷素有效性提高16.26%~25.63%,钾素有效性提高14.08%~33.84%。综上所述,蚯蚓生物处理技术可应用于废弃茶渣肥料化利用中,加快物料降解速度,但要复混牛粪、稻秆等其他物料,废弃茶渣含量20%是一个可行的复混比例。
To explore the effective use of industrial tea residue in tea garden, the engineering earthworms were used to treat tea residue mixed with cattle waste and rice straw in this experiment. The growth and reproduction of earthworms as well as changes of fertility properties in tea residue compounds were also studied. The results showed that earthworms could grow and breed normally in the compound materials with 20% tea residue and the vermicomposting of tea residue compound materials can be successfully completed. Compound materials with 20% tea residue and 80% cattle waste were optimal for breeding of earthworms. While materials with 20% tea residue and 80% rice straw were optimal for growth of earthworms. Some organic carbons were consumed during the vermicomposting process. While the efficiency of nitrogen, availability of phosphorus and efficiency of potassium were increased by 23.24%-46.96%, 16.26%-25.63% and 14.08%-33.84% respectively. In summary, the earthworm biological treatment could be applied for the utilization of tea residue as fertilizer. However, a mixture of tea residue with cow dung, rice straw and other materials was needed, with an optimal tea residue content of 20%.
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