利用25对EST-SSR引物对江北茶区的45份茶树初级核心种质的遗传多样性、遗传结构和亲缘关系进行了分析。25对引物共检测到83个等位位点,平均每对引物可检测到等位位点3.3个,可鉴定的基因型为6个。引物的PIC值平均为0.61,扩增位点的观测杂合度高于期望杂合度。45份供试种质中可观测的等位位点平均为4.2个,有效等位位点为2.8个。等位位点观测杂合度平均为0.73,基因多样性指数为0.61,Shannon信息指数为1.11。江北茶区主要省份间茶树种质的遗传分化程度较低（Gst=0.2）,而基因流(Nm=3.9)较高。AMOVA分析显示,95.97%的变异发生于居群内。45份供试种质间的遗传相似系数在0.32~0.89之间,聚类分析表明供试资源在亲缘关系上未表现出明显的地区分化。湖北、安徽和陕西三个主要省份茶树种质间的遗传距离平均为0.048,其中陕西资源在亲缘关系上略远于湖北和安徽。
The 25 pairs of EST-SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity, genetic structure and genetic relationship of 45 tea accessions originated from region of north Yangtze River. Totally 83 alleles were identified, on an average of 3.3 alleles each pair of primers. The mean of polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.61. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was averagely higher than the expected heterozygosity (He). Among 45 tea accessions the average numbers of the observed alleles were 4.2, and the number of effective alleles 2.8. The observed heterozygosity, gene diversity and Shannon information index were 0.73, 0.61 and 1.11, respectively. The low genetic difference （Gst=0.2） and high geneflow (Nm=3.9) of tea populations from Hubei, Anhui and Shaanxi were found. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that variance components inter-population and intra-population were 4.03% and 95.97% respectively. The paired similarity coefficients of 45 accessions were from 0.32 to 0.89. No clearly regional partition among 45 accessions was found from the dendrogram. The high level of genetic similarity was demonstrated among tea population of Hubei, Anhui and Shaanxi province, and Shaanxi population showed relatively distant relationship comparing to population of Hubei and Anhui.
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