以低山丘陵区中峰乡生态茶园为例,利用地统计学方法和GIS（Geographic Information System）相结合,分析了在中、小两个尺度下茶园土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量的空间变异规律,并进行了空间异质性的比较。结果表明：(1)中尺度下茶园土壤速效钾和缓效钾的变异系数分别为40.21%和37.60%,属于中等程度变异;小尺度下速效钾和缓效钾的变异系数分别为42.12%和53.56%,也属于中等程度变异。(2)中尺度下土壤速效钾在主轴70°方向上有较强的空间相关性,在主轴25°、115°和160°方向上具有中等程度相关性,缓效钾在主轴113°方向上具有中等的空间相关性,在68°、158°、203°方向上具有强烈的空间相关性;小尺度下土壤速效钾在主轴112°方向上变异比较明显,其他方向上变异均很小,缓效钾在主轴73°、118°方向上变异明显。(3)中尺度下土壤速效钾含量在西北至东南方向呈明显的带状分布,海拔主要影响在垂直方向上的变异,缓效钾的空间分布规律不明显;小尺度下土壤速效钾含量呈块状分布,整体上其含量由西北向东南方向有逐渐增加的趋势,缓效钾含量的空间分布上的规律与速效钾基本一致。
Taking Zhongfeng tea garden in low mountain and hilly region as an experiment site, Geostatistics and GIS were used to analyze the spatial variability of soil potassium, and also compared its spatial heterogeneity. Results showed that: (1) Under the mesoscale,available potassium and slowly available potassium coefficient of variation were 40.21% and 43.39%, belongs to the medium degree variation, and under the small scale, the coefficient of variation were 42.12% and 46.42%, also belongs to the medium degree variation. (2) Under the mesoscale, soil available potassium has the strong spatial relevance in 70° direction, but in 25°, 115° and 160°direction it has the medium degree relevance. Slowly available potassium has the medium spatial relevance in 113°direction, but in 68°, 158° and 203° direction it has the strong spatial relevance. Under the small scale, available potassium in 70° direction spatial variability was obviously, the variation is very small in other directions, slowly available potassium in 72° and 118° direction spatial variability was obvious. (3)Under the mesoscale, available potassium assumed the belt-shaped distribution in northwest to the southeast direction, and in the vertical direction with the altitude is extremely remarkable related, but slowly available potassium unobviously lelated in spatial distribution. Under the small scale, available potassium assumes the massive distribution, its whole tendency by northwest to eastwest direction increased, slow available potassium shows the same tendency as available potassium.
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