研究了浙江省各地采集的公路附近茶园土壤中铅和镉的化学形态。结果表明，表层土壤中铅和镉总量和各形态组分的含量因采样地和土壤性质的差异可有很大的差别。土壤剖面中铅和镉从下至上有规律地显著增加，表明表土中积累的铅和镉的主要为外源铅镉。土壤中残余态、氧化物结合态、有机质结合态铅和镉的含量主要与土壤中铅、镉积累有关；而生物有效性较高的交换态和水可溶态铅、镉受土壤pH有很大的影响。因此,长期植茶导致的土壤酸化可能是土壤中铅和镉活度增加的主要原因，并可增加茶树对铅和镉的吸收。
关键词：
茶园土壤; 酸化; 铅; 镉; 化学形态
Three soil profiles and twenty-three surface soil samples, developed from various parent materials, were collected from different tea gardens near highway in Zhejiang province. The total, five chemical fractions (exchangeable, carbonate bound, organic matter-bound, oxides bound and residual forms) and water-solubility of Pb and Cd in the soils were characterized. The results showed that concentrations of total and different chemical fractions of Pb and Cd in the soils varied with locations and soil properties. Increased Pb and Cd concentrations in surface layer of the soil profiles suggested that Pb and Cd accumulation in the soils was related to soil pollution and fertilizer application. The concentrations of organic matter-bound, oxides bound and residual forms of Pb and Cd were mainly controlled by total Pb and Cd in the soils. However, exchangeable and water-soluble Pb and Cd, which had high potential risk, increased with decreasing pH. The results indicate that long-term plantation of tea could cause sol acidification and elevated concentrations of bio-available heavy metals in the soil, and hence aggravated the risk of heavy metals.
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