The Molecular Mechanism of CsCYP75B1 in Response to Low-temperature Stress and Its Regulation of Flavonol Metabolism in Tea Plants

WANG Xiaodong; LI Zijun; WANG Yi; SUN Ping; HAN Xiaoyang; FAN Yangen; HUANG Xiaoqin

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.009

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Journal of Tea Science ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 873-890. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.009

The Molecular Mechanism of CsCYP75B1 in Response to Low-temperature Stress and Its Regulation of Flavonol Metabolism in Tea Plants

WANG Xiaodong¹, LI Zijun¹, WANG Yi², SUN Ping¹, HAN Xiaoyang¹, FAN Yangen¹, HUANG Xiaoqin^1,*

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Abstract

Tea plant is an important economic crop in China, and its growth is easily affected by temperature. Low-temperature stress severely limits its yield and quality. Flavonols, as secondary metabolites of plants, have been proven to be involved in abiotic stress responses. The metabolism of flavonols is regulated by a network of multiple genes. Our research team previously screened transcriptome sequencing data and identified a significantly differentially expressed gene, CsCYP75B1 (CSS0048905), in the flavonol biosynthesis pathway under low temperature. CsCYP75B1 belongs to the cytochrome P450 family and encodes a F3'H enzyme, which is a key enzyme in the flavonoid biosynthesis. The function of CsCYP75B1 in tea plant response to low temperature is unclear. To explore the molecular mechanism of CsCYP75B1 in regulating flavonol metabolism in tea plants under low temperature, this experiment analyzed the cloned CsCYP75B1 using bioinformatics methods and verified its function through heterologous transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana and transient silencing experiments in tea plants. The results show that the promoter region of the CsCYP75B1 gene contains a low temperature response element (LTR), and the expression of CsCYP75B1 was upregulated under low temperature, thereby promoting flavonol accumulation. Overexpressing CsCYP75B1 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly enhanced plant cold tolerance, increased antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced membrane lipid peroxidation, and positively regulated the expression of key genes in the ICE-CBF-COR pathway. Transient silencing of the CsCYP75B1 gene in tea plants resulted in reduced flavonol synthesis in leaves and decreased antioxidant capacity. This study reveals the molecular mechanism by which the CsCYP75B1 gene in tea plants positively regulates flavonol synthesis and the low temperature signaling pathway under low-temperature stress, thereby enhancing their cold tolerance. It provided candidate genes for breeding stress-resistant tea cultivars and relevant evidence for the formation of stress-resistant quality in tea plants.

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tea plant / CsCYP75B1 / cytochrome P450 / low-temperature stress / flavonol metabolism

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WANG Xiaodong, LI Zijun, WANG Yi, SUN Ping, HAN Xiaoyang, FAN Yangen, HUANG Xiaoqin. The Molecular Mechanism of CsCYP75B1 in Response to Low-temperature Stress and Its Regulation of Flavonol Metabolism in Tea Plants[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2026, 46(5): 873-890 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.009

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