Review on Enzymatic Biosynthesis of Theanine

CHEN Lin; ZHANG Zheng-zhu; CHEN Jian; ZHANG Ying-gen; WAN Xiao-chun

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2011.01.001

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Journal of Tea Science ›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1) : 1-10. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2011.01.001

Review on Enzymatic Biosynthesis of Theanine

CHEN Lin^1,2, ZHANG Zheng-zhu², CHEN Jian¹, ZHANG Ying-gen^1,2, WAN Xiao-chun^2*

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Abstract

As a characteristic component in tea plant (Camellia sinensis), theanine has many favorable physiological effects, such as promoting relaxation, enhancing memory, neuroprotection, modulation of chemotherapy, etc. So far, seven kinds of enzyme have been discovered by which theanine can be synthesized. They are respectively named as theanine synthetase, glutamine synthetase, γ-glutamylmethylamide synthetase, glutamate synthetase, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, glutaminase and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase. The two representative reaction types for theanine biosynthesis are linking reaction between glutamic acid and ethylamine in the presence of ATP and γ-glutamyl transfer reaction in which γ-glutamyl group from hydrolysis of glutamine is transferred to ethylamine. In order to apply and develop the exiting methods for microbial production of theanine, the ways involved in enzymatic synthesis of theanine are systematically summarized in this paper.

Key words

biosynthesis / enzyme / review / theanine

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CHEN Lin, ZHANG Zheng-zhu, CHEN Jian, ZHANG Ying-gen, WAN Xiao-chun. Review on Enzymatic Biosynthesis of Theanine[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2011, 31(1): 1-10 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2011.01.001

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