The scientific input-output efficiency of ten Tea Research Institutes at or above provincial level in China was investigated by using DEA method during the year of 2006~2010. The result showed that institutes’ input & output efficiency keep well in total, but not 100% is efficient. Nine institutes were effective, and their scale and resources allocation level was in good situation. One institute was PE invalid and in scale decrease stage, it needs to strengthened scientific research management and improved resource allocative efficiency, to increase output and make DEA efficient. The correlation between input item and output item was investigated. The results showed that all outputs items correlate positively with the input items of fund and staff, while not positively with per capita fund.