To explore the effects of tea light complementary mode on the growth environment, yield performance and economic benefits, the microclimate environment such as temperature, humidity and light in the tea garden-PV complementary model was analyzed in this study with the open-air tea garden as a control. Indicators such as tea bud germination and growth, photosynthetic rate, and fresh leaf yield were detected, and the photovoltaic power generation was simulated and calculated. The overall economic benefits of the tea garden were analyzed. The results show that the photosynthetically active radiation of the tea canopy in photovoltaic tea gardens was lower than that in open-air tea gardens. The average minimum temperature of tea canopy in photovoltaic tea gardens at night in spring (March) was 0.63 ℃ higher than that in open-air tea gardens, and the average maximum temperature in daytime in summer (July) was 1.80 ℃lower than that in open-air tea gardens. The average relative humidity of tea canopy in photovoltaic tea gardens was higher than that in open-air tea gardens. The tea buds in photovoltaic tea gardens germinated and grew faster, and the utilization efficiency of light radiation was higher. The yield per unit area of the picking area in different harvesting seasons was 9.74%-28.84% higher than that of the open-air tea gardens. The overall output of the tea garden decreased by 23.11% to 34.16% due to the occupation of land for the construction of photovoltaic modules. The annual income of photovoltaic tea gardens, including power generation revenue, was 6.030×105 CNY per hectare, while the annual income of open-air tea gardens was 2.249×105 CNY. Considering the one-time investment cost of 3.740 3 million CNY for building photovoltaic modules, the total revenue of photovoltaic tea gardens will exceed that of open-air tea gardens after 9 years. This study has certain guiding and referential significance for the application and promotion of the tea-light complementary agricultural model in southern China.
[1] Goetzberger A, Zastrow A.On the coexistence of solar-energy conversion and plant cultivation[J]. International Journal of Solar Energy, 1982, 1(1): 55-69.
[2] Cossu M, Murgia L, Ledda L, et al.Solar radiation distribution inside a greenhouse with south-oriented photovoltaic roofs and effects on crop productivity[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 133(15): 89-100.
[3] Cantagallo J E, Medan D, Hall A.Grain number in sunflower as affected by shading during floret growth, anthesis and grain setting[J]. Field Crops Research, 2004, 85(2/3): 191-202.
[4] Worku W, Skjelvg A O, Gislerd H R.Responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to photosynthetic irradiance levels during three phenological phases[J]. Agronomie, 2004, 24(5): 267-274.
[5] Kitaya Y, Niu G, Kozai T, et al.Photosynthetic photon flux, photoperiod, and CO2 concentration affect growth and morphology of lettuce plug transplants[J]. HortScience, 1998, 33(6): 988-991.
[6] Marrou H, Wery J, Dufour L, et al.Productivity and radiation use efficiency of lettuces grown in the partial shade of photovoltaic panels[J]. European Journal of Agronomy, 2013, 44(2): 54-66.
[7] 肖润林, 王久荣, 单武雄, 等. 不同遮荫水平对茶树光合环境及茶叶品质的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2007, 15(6): 6-11.
Xiao R L, Wang J R, Shan W X, et al.Tea plantation envirnment and quality under different degrees of shading[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2007, 15(6): 6-11.
[8] 肖润林, 王久荣, 陈正法, 等. 亚热带丘陵山地茶园面临的生态问题与对策[J]. 农业现代化研究, 2004(5): 360-363.
Xiao R L, Wang J R, Chen Z F, et al.Ecological tea plantations and tea safety hi-efficiency production in the subtropical hill region of China[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2004(5): 360-363.
[9] 张文锦, 林春莲, 熊明民. 茶树遮荫效应研究进展[J]. 福建农业学报, 2007, 22(4): 457-460.
Zhang W J, Lin C L, Xiong M M.Research progress in shading effeciency for tea plants[J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 22(4): 457-460.
[10] 陶汉之. 茶树光合日变化的研究[J]. 作物学报, 1991(6): 444-452.
Tao H Z, Studies on the diurnal variations of the photosynthesis of tea plant(Camellia sinensis)[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1991(6): 444-452.
[11] 章铁, 刘秀清. 栗茶间作模式对茶树光合特性的影响[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2007(2): 244-247.
Zhang T, Liu X Q.Effects of intercropping pattern of Chinese chestnut with tea on photosynthetic characteristics in tea bushes[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2007(2): 244-247.
[12] 陈佩. 茶园遮光效应及其对茶树光合作用和茶叶品质成分的影响[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2010.
Chen P.Shading effects and influences on photosynthesis and quality component of tea in tea plantation [D]. Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2010.
[13] 张文锦, 梁月荣, 张方舟, 等. 覆盖遮荫对乌龙茶产量、品质的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 2004, 24(4): 276-282.
Zhang W J, Liang Y R, Zhang F Z, et al.Effects on the yield and quality of oolong tea by covering with shading net[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2004, 24(4): 276-282.
[14] 张文锦, 梁月荣, 张方舟, 等. 夏暑乌龙茶覆盖遮荫效应及其对产量、品质的影响研究概况[J]. 茶叶科学技术, 2006(4): 1-5.
Zhang W J, Liang Y R, Zhang F Z, et al.Research on the shading effect of summer oolong tea and its impact on yield and quality[J]. Acta Tea Sinica, 2006(4): 1-5.
[15] 余海云, 石元值, 马立锋, 等. 茶树树冠不同冠层叶片光合作用特性的研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2013, 33(6): 505-511.
Yu H Y, Shi Y Z, Ma L F, et al.Leaf photosynthetic traits at different canopies of tea plants[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2013, 33(6): 505-511.
[16] 蔡卓彧. 光伏茶园茶树生长与光合特性研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2020.
Cai Z Y.Study on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of tea plants in photovoltaic tea field [D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2020.
[17] 王加真, 张昕昱, 金星, 等. 可用于光伏农业的反射滤光膜对贵州茶叶品质的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2019, 32(10): 2319-2323.
Wang J Z, Zhang X Y, Jin X, et al.Effects of optical filter used in photovoltaic agriculture on guizhou tea quality[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 32(10): 2319-2323.
[18] Im H J, Na C S, Song C H, et al.Effect of light-emitting diodes on photosynthesis and growth of in vitro propagation in tea tree (Camellia sinensis L.)[J]. Journal of Agriculture & Life Science, 2019, 53(6): 13-21.
[19] 蒋欢. 基于数值模拟的光伏茶园光环境分析[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2018.
Jiang H.Analysis of lighting environment of photovoltaic tea garden based on numerical simulation [D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2018.
[20] 王驰中, 高鑫, 陈衡, 等. 中国各地区光伏发电平价上网成本效益综合分析[J]. 可再生能源, 2024, 42(10): 1295-1301.
Wang C Z, Gao X, Chen H, et al.Comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of photovoltaic power grid parity in various regions of China[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2024, 42(10): 1295-1301.
[21] 林佳鸿. 基于固定和跟踪支架光伏发电系统的杭州光伏茶园微气候试验研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2020.
Lin J H.Research on the field microclimate of photovoltaic tea gardens based on fixed and tracking solar PV systems in Hangzhou [D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2020.
[22] Gong W, Zhang L, Gong J H, et al.Regulatory effect of agriphotovoltaic systems with different panel heights on the thermal environment[J]. Scientific Reports, 2025, 15(1): 11196. doi: 10. 1038/s41598-025-96166-5.
浙公网安备 33019902000101号 
