基于转录组学解析三倍体与二倍体茶树光合及类黄酮代谢差异的研究

商雪纯; 江绘馨; 刘淑英; 何媛媛; 王郁

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.005

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茶叶科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 843-856. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.005

研究报告

基于转录组学解析三倍体与二倍体茶树光合及类黄酮代谢差异的研究

商雪纯^1,2, 江绘馨^1,2, 刘淑英^1,2, 何媛媛^1,2, 王郁^1,2,*

作者信息 +

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differences Between Triploid and Diploid Tea Plants in Photosynthesis and Flavonoid Metabolism

SHANG Xuechun^1,2, JIANG Huixin^1,2, LIU Shuying^1,2, HE Yuanyuan^1,2, WANG Yu^1,2,*

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文章历史 +

摘要

植物体细胞染色体多倍化有助于形成优良性状,打破传统育种方法的局限,但目前对茶树多倍体的研究较少。以6个二倍体和6个三倍体茶树品种为材料,采用流式细胞仪与染色体计数法完成倍性鉴定,结合转录组测序、生理指标检测等分析茶树倍性间的相关差异。结果表明,与二倍体相比,三倍体茶树品种叶绿素a和总叶绿素含量更高;净光合速率、蒸腾速率等光合参数更优;茶多酚、总儿茶素等类黄酮代谢物积累量较高。转录组分析发现：与二倍体茶树品种‘福鼎大白茶'比较,6个三倍体品种的差异表达基因富集在光合作用、类黄酮生物合成等通路中,从中筛选出9个核心差异基因,其中光合相关基因多上调,类黄酮合成基因均下调。本研究为茶树多倍体种质资源的鉴定评价及品种选育提供了重要的理论基础。

Abstract

Polyploidization in plants promotes the development of excellent agronomic traits and breaks the limitations of traditional breeding methods, However, research on tea plant polyploids remains scarce at present. In this study, six diploid and six triploid tea cultivars were used as experimental materials. Ploidy identification was conducted via flow cytometry and chromosome counting, and ploidy-related differences were analyzed by combining transcriptome sequencing with the determination of physiological indices. The results show that the contents of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll in triploid tea plants were significantly higher than those in diploid ones, with superior photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, leading to a remarkable enhancement in photosynthetic capacity. Additionally, the accumulation of flavonoid metabolites including tea polyphenols and total catechins was significantly increased in triploid tea plants. Transcriptome analysis reveals that compared with the diploid tea cultivars ‘Fuding Dabaicha', the differentially expressed genes of the six triploid varieties were enriched in pathways such as photosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis, and nine core differentially expressed genes were screened out. Among them, photosynthesis-related genes were mostly up-regulated, while flavonoid synthesis-related genes were all down-regulated. This study provids a theoretical foundation and experimental basis for the identification and evaluation of polyploid tea germplasm resources as well as cultivar breeding.

导出引用

商雪纯, 江绘馨, 刘淑英, 何媛媛, 王郁. 基于转录组学解析三倍体与二倍体茶树光合及类黄酮代谢差异的研究[J]. 茶叶科学. 2026, 46(5): 843-856 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.005

SHANG Xuechun, JIANG Huixin, LIU Shuying, HE Yuanyuan, WANG Yu. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differences Between Triploid and Diploid Tea Plants in Photosynthesis and Flavonoid Metabolism[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2026, 46(5): 843-856 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.005

中图分类号： S571.1 Q945

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