高浓度叶面硒肥对茶叶品质成分的影响分析

高彩霞; 钟婉婧; 姜慧敏; 彭佳堃; 曾建明; 周杰; 王伟东; 戴伟东

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.006

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茶叶科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 891-903. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.006

研究报告

高浓度叶面硒肥对茶叶品质成分的影响分析

高彩霞^1,2, 钟婉婧², 姜慧敏², 彭佳堃², 曾建明², 周杰¹, 王伟东^1,*, 戴伟东^2,*

作者信息 +

Influence of Foliar Spraying of High-dose Selenium Fertilizer on Flavor Components in Tea Plants

GAO Caixia^1,2, ZHONG Wanjing², JIANG Huimin², PENG Jiakun², ZENG Jianming², ZHOU Jie¹, WANG Weidong^1,*, DAI Weidong^2,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为了探究高浓度硒肥对‘龙井43'茶树硒含量及代谢物的影响,于秋季对茶树叶面喷施75 mg·m^-2的无机硒肥亚硒酸钠,利用非靶向代谢组学方法分析施硒后不同采摘天数鲜叶的品质成分变化。结果表明,施硒显著提高了茶树鲜叶的硒含量,在第8天采摘时,硒含量最高达39.7 mg·kg^-1,且随采摘天数延长逐渐降低,在第27天降至16.1 mg·kg^-1。代谢组学分析发现,施硒后二聚体儿茶素、黄烷醇、生物碱等代谢物含量分别升高11%~21%、1%~5%、2%~17%;有机酸、黄酮醇（包括其糖苷）和脂质代谢物含量分别降低1%~17%、3%~4%、19%~33%。与多数适量施硒提高氨基酸含量进而改善茶叶风味品质的研究不同,本研究发现,高浓度施硒肥后第8天,多种氨基酸含量显著降低,随后逐渐升高。差异代谢物KEGG富集通路分析显示,谷胱甘肽和含硫氨基酸代谢通路显著激活,同时施硒肥后第8天,茶叶中抗氧化物质谷胱甘肽和抗坏血酸含量降低,后期随硒含量降低,谷胱甘肽含量逐渐回升。红茶感官审评结果表明,过量施硒会导致茶叶整体风味品质轻微下降。本研究通过代谢组学研究了过量施硒对茶叶内含成分的影响,可为富硒茶优质高效生产提供一定指导。

Abstract

To investigate the effects of a high-concentration selenium (Se) fertilizer on Se accumulation and metabolite profiles in the tea cultivar ‘Longjing 43', sodium selenite was foliar-applied at a rate of 75 mg·m^-2 in autumn. Non-targeted metabolomics was employed to analyze changes in quality-related metabolites in fresh leaves harvested at different time points after Se application. The results showed that Se application significantly increased the Se content in fresh leaves, reaching a maximum of 39.7 mg·kg^-1 on day 8, followed by a gradual decline to 16.1 mg·kg^-1 by day 27. Metabolomics analysis reveals that the levels of most dimeric catechins (increased by 11%-21%), flavanols (increased by 1%-5%), and alkaloids (increased by 2%-17%) were elevated, whereas the contents of organic acids (decreased by 1%-17%) flavonols and their glycosides (decreased by 3%-4%) and lipids (decreased by 19%-33%) were reduced under Se treatment. Notably, in contrast to previous reports that moderate Se application enhances amino acid content and improves tea flavor quality, the present study observed a significant decrease in most amino acids on day 8 after high-concentration Se application, followed by a gradual recovery on days 13, 20, and 27. KEGG enrichment analysis indicates significant activation of glutathione and sulfur-containing amino acid metabolic pathways. On day 8 after selenium fertilizer application, the contents of glutathione and ascorbic acid in tea leaves decreased, and subsequently, glutathione content gradually recovered as Se levels declined in the later stage. Sensory evaluation of black tea reveals a slight deterioration in the overall flavor quality under excessive Se treatment. Collectively, this metabolomics-based study elucidates the dynamic effects of excessive Se application on tea chemical composition, providing valuable insights for the optimized production of Se-enriched tea with improved quality.

导出引用

高彩霞, 钟婉婧, 姜慧敏, 彭佳堃, 曾建明, 周杰, 王伟东, 戴伟东. 高浓度叶面硒肥对茶叶品质成分的影响分析[J]. 茶叶科学. 2026, 46(5): 891-903 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.006

GAO Caixia, ZHONG Wanjing, JIANG Huimin, PENG Jiakun, ZENG Jianming, ZHOU Jie, WANG Weidong, DAI Weidong. Influence of Foliar Spraying of High-dose Selenium Fertilizer on Flavor Components in Tea Plants[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2026, 46(5): 891-903 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.006

中图分类号： S571.1 X173

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