基于转录组学解析越冬水处理提高茶树抗寒性的分子机理

王梦琪; 宋大鹏; 尹洪旭; 周超; 申加枝; 钱文俊; 陈珍珍; 房峰祥; 孙霞; 丁仕波

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.008

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茶叶科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 857-872. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.008

研究报告

基于转录组学解析越冬水处理提高茶树抗寒性的分子机理

王梦琪¹, 宋大鹏¹, 尹洪旭², 周超¹, 申加枝³, 钱文俊⁴, 陈珍珍⁵, 房峰祥¹, 孙霞^1,*, 丁仕波^1,*

作者信息 +

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms of Pre-Winter Watering Treatment Enhancing Cold Tolerance in Camellia sinensis

WANG Mengqi¹, SONG Dapeng¹, YIN Hongxu², ZHOU Chao¹, SHEN Jiazhi³, QIAN Wenjun⁴, CHEN Zhenzhen⁵, FANG Fengxiang¹, SUN Xia^1,*, DING Shibo^1,*

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文章历史 +

摘要

为探明越冬水调控茶树（Camellia sinensis）抗寒性的分子机制,以‘鲁茶1号'为材料,通过人工气候室模拟低温胁迫,分析浇越冬水（W,Watering treatment）与未浇水（C,Control）处理下茶树叶片抗寒生理指标及转录组差异。结果表明,﹣7 ℃/24 h时W组和C组茶树中过氧化物酶（POD）分别为199.90 U∙mL^-1和142.58 U∙mL^-1,﹣7 ℃/36 h时W组和C组茶叶中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性分别为107.29 U∙mL^-1和84.29 U∙mL^-1,W组均显著高于C组（P<0.05）。两组间过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性无显著性差异。﹣7 ℃/12 h、﹣7 ℃/24 h及﹣7 ℃/36 h时,W组可溶性糖含量均显著高于C组（P<0.05）。﹣7 ℃/24 h、﹣7 ℃/36 h及温度回升阶段,W组可溶性蛋白含量显著高于C组,﹣7 ℃/36 h时,C组膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）的含量为5.98 nmol∙mL^-1,显著高于W组（4.30 nmol∙mL^-1）。转录组分析表明,浇越冬水处理增强了茶树对低温胁迫的响应强度,W组差异表达基因（Differentially expressed genes,DEGs）数量（435个）显著多于C组（184个）。GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析显示,W组的DEGs显著富集于质子转运、ATP合成等能量代谢相关通路,同时光合作用-天线蛋白通路基因被特异性下调。C组的DEGs则主要富集于黄酮类生物合成、氧化还原酶活性等次级代谢及抗氧化相关通路。

Abstract

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which pre-winter watering enhances cold resistance in tea plants, this study investigated the physiological and transcriptomic responses of Camellia sinensis cv. ‘Lucha 1' under simulated low-temperature stress. Plants were subjected to pre-watering (W) and control (C, no watering) treatments prior to exposure to overwintering conditions in a climate chamber. The results showed that the POD activity was significantly higher in the W group compared to the C group at﹣7 ℃/24 h (199.90 U∙mL^-1 and 142.58 U∙mL^-1) (P<0.05), as was SOD activity at ﹣7 ℃/36 h (107.29 U∙mL^-1 and 84.29 U∙mL^-1). No significant difference was observed in CAT activity. The W group consistently maintained significantly higher soluble sugar contents at ﹣7 ℃/12 h, ﹣7 ℃/24 h and ﹣7 ℃/36 h. Its soluble protein content was also significantly elevated at ﹣7 ℃/24 h, ﹣7 ℃/36 h, and during the recovery phase. Consequently, at ﹣7 ℃/36 h, the content of MDA was significantly lower in the W group (4.30 nmol∙mL^-1) than in the C group (5.98 nmol∙mL^-1). Transcriptome analysis reveals that pre-watering amplified the transcriptomic response to low-temperature stress, with a significantly higher number of DEGs in group W (435) than in group C (184). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEGs in group W were predominantly enriched in energy metabolism-related pathways, such as proton transport and ATP synthesis, whereas genes associated with the photosynthesis-antenna proteins pathway were specifically down-regulated. In contrast, DEGs in group C were mainly enriched in pathways related to secondary metabolism and antioxidant processes, including flavonoid biosynthesis and oxidoreductase activity.

导出引用

王梦琪, 宋大鹏, 尹洪旭, 周超, 申加枝, 钱文俊, 陈珍珍, 房峰祥, 孙霞, 丁仕波. 基于转录组学解析越冬水处理提高茶树抗寒性的分子机理[J]. 茶叶科学. 2026, 46(5): 857-872 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.008

WANG Mengqi, SONG Dapeng, YIN Hongxu, ZHOU Chao, SHEN Jiazhi, QIAN Wenjun, CHEN Zhenzhen, FANG Fengxiang, SUN Xia, DING Shibo. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms of Pre-Winter Watering Treatment Enhancing Cold Tolerance in Camellia sinensis[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2026, 46(5): 857-872 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.05.008

中图分类号： S571.1 S435.711

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