选用高、中、低三类不同等级的普洱茶为研究对象,研究比较了它们的抗氧化活性、香气成分及其主要理化成分含量的差异。结果表明,高、低两类等级的普洱茶相比,总氧化活性、清除羟自由基活性、清除DPPH自由基活性、醇类香气成分总量、杂氧化合物香气成分总量、黄酮总量以及茶色素含量等,一般都存在显著性差异（P<0.05）;而中等级的普洱茶与高或低等级的普洱茶相比,除总氧化活性、清除羟自由基活性、茶多酚含量和黄酮总量存在显著性差异外（P<0.05）,其他理化成分的含量一般都不存在显著性差异（P>0.05）。主成分分析表明,抑制羟自由基活性、总抗氧化活性、黄酮总量、茶褐素含量以及醇类香气成分总量等是区分普洱茶等级的重要理化指标。
The antioxidative activity, aroma constituents and the major chemical components of three grades of Pu-erh tea, i. e. high, medium and low grade, were studied and compared. Results showed that the significant difference（P<0.05）was shown in evaluation of the total antioxidative activity, scavenging hydroxyl free radical activity, scavenging DPPH free radical activity, total amount of alcohols compounds, total amount of heterocyclic oxygen compounds, total flavonoids and tea pigments between high and low grades. When compared with high or low grade, the medium grade of Pu-erh tea was found no significant difference（P>0.05）in the others testing index except the total antioxidative activity, scavenging hydroxyl free radical activity, tea polyphenols and total flavonoids. Principal component analysis showed that the important indicator to distinguish the grade of Pu-erh tea seemed to be the scavenging hydroxyl free radical activity, the total antioxidative activity, tea polyphenols, total flavonoids and total amount of alcohols compounds.
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