改植换种、重修剪和台刈是低产衰老茶园改造最常用的几种方式,茶树作为多年生作物,有必要从较长一个时期来比较各改造方式的优劣。本文对杭州茶叶试验场1980年代采用这三种改造方式的茶园从茶叶产量、产值和经济效益三方面进行了长达20年的研究。结果表明,重修剪是投资回收期短、见效较快的改造方法,而从长远看,改植换种有较好的经济效益。建议在生产实际中,可采用改植换种与春茶后重修剪相结合的方法,以兼顾近期和远期收益。

Replanting, heavy pruning and collar pruning are the main reforming methods for low yield and senescent tea plants. Tea as a perennial crop, it is necessary to evaluate these methods in the long run. A study was conducted in Hangzhou tea experimental station for at least 20 years. The effect of these methods on the yield, production value and economic benefit were compared. The results showed that heavy pruning was a better rehabilitation method for shorter period and more quickly effect, but in the long run, replanting has better economic benefit. It is better to combine replanting and heavy pruning after spring tea to get both short-term and long-term economic benefit in practice.