克隆测定了12个茶树假眼小绿叶蝉Empoasca vitis（Göthe）种群84个样本和5个叶蝉近缘种外群62个虫体的线粒体DNA COI基因序列片段,利用生物信息学软件分析其序列同源性、遗传结构及系统进化关系。发现我国茶树假眼小绿叶蝉种群间的遗传距离为0.5%~1.2%,远小于昆虫物种2%的界限,未呈现明显遗传分化,ML分子系统树也显示其种群个体呈平行分布。假眼小绿叶蝉与几种外群叶蝉的遗传距离在14.8%~24.5%之间,依次为葡萄小绿叶蝉<葡萄二星叶蝉<桃一点斑叶蝉,说明它与葡萄小绿叶蝉亲缘关系最近,与系统进化树的聚类结果一致。本研究首次通过mtCOI基因序列分析,揭示了假眼小绿叶蝉遗传结构及它与近缘种叶蝉的系统进化关系,为解释它在茶园的起源及适应机制提供了基础。
The mtDNA COI genes of 84 samples from 12 populations of tea green leafhopper Empoasca vitis (Göthe) and 62 samples from three leafhopper outgroups of Empoasca flavescens, Erythroneura apicalis and Erythroneura sudra were cloned and sequenced, and their genetic structure and phylogeny were bioinformatically analyzed. Results showed that the genetic distances among 12 tea green leafhopper populations were 0.5%-1.2%, which were all less than the species boundary of 2%, and the obvious genetic differentiation was not elemonstrated. The ML phylogmetic tree also showed that E. vitis was no priority within-population. The genetic distances between E. vitis and other outgroup leafhopper were 14.8%-24.5%, and E. flavescens showed the closest relationship with E. vitis while E. sudra was the most distant species to E. vitis. The phylogenetic tree based on ML method also showed the leafhoppers from tea and grape were one group while peach leafhopper was another divergent group. The genetic distance and phylogenetic relationship of tea leafhopper were revealed by using mtDNA COI biomarker, which provided the foundation for exploring its origin and adaptive mechanism in tea plantation.
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