鉴于微波辅助提取绿茶对儿茶素的得率及其组成具有一定的影响但缺乏系统研究的事实,以绿茶为原料,以提取液中儿茶素的组成及得率为主要考察指标,以工业水提为对照,在系统研究微波辅助提取强度、时间、茶水比、水温及次数等单因子对儿茶素组成及得率影响的基础上,通过正交实验与验证实验,优化筛选了对儿茶素组成影响最小且得率较高的微波辅助提取技术参数,以为微波辅助提取茶叶的工业化推广应用提供参考。结果表明,在微波强度为539W、微波辅助提取时间为2min、茶水比为1︰25、水温为90℃、提取2次的条件下,微波辅助提取绿茶时对儿茶素的组成影响最小,EGC︰DL-C︰EC︰EGCG︰GCG︰ECG为3.25︰0.12︰1.00︰7.66︰0.49︰1.82,其得率依次为工业水提的130.47%、22.98%、124.62%、114.40%、7.39%和96.64%。该方法对于茶多酚、儿茶素的提取及利用具有较好的实用性、针对性。

Microwave-assisted extraction of green tea showed certain effect on catechins yield rate and composition of catechins, however, it lack of systematic research. Based on systemic investigation on the influence of extracting power, extracting time, ratio of tea and water, water temperature and extracting times of microwave-assisted extraction on the composition and yield rate, the test processing parameters with the least influence of microwave extraction and higher yield rate on the composition were optimized and screened, which provide the reference for application in the industrialization of microwave-assisted extraction on tea by using the green tea as the raw material and the composition and yield rate in the extraction as the major index and used the industrial water as the control and the orthogonal test as the method of verification. Under the above mentioned parameters, the microwave-assisted extraction of green tea showed the least influence. The results showed that the optimum parameters were obtained at the ratio of solid to liquid of 1﹕25, microwave-assisted extracting power of 539W, microwave extracting time of 2min, extracting water temperature of 90℃, and the two times of extracting. The rate of EGC﹕DL-C﹕EC﹕EGCG﹕GCG﹕ECG was 3.25﹕0.12﹕1.00﹕7.66﹕0.49﹕1.82,the yield rate of the individual catechins was 130.47%、22.98%、124.62%、114.40%、7.39%、96.64% of yield rate extracted by industrial water. Compared with the current industrial technology, this method showed better practicability and results for the extraction of tea polyphenol and catechins.