利用40对具有多态性的SSR引物对我国46份乌龙茶品种（系）的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行了研究。结果表明,40对引物在供试材料中共检测到179个等位基因,329个基因型,平均检测4.48个等位基因,8.23个基因型,平均多态性信息量（PIC）为0.52。46份供试品种（系）的基因多样性指数（H）为0.57,观测杂合度（Ho）为0.40,遗传距离为0.59。按照地理来源分组分析表明,地区间乌龙茶品种（系）的遗传多样性以广东最高,其次为福建,最低的为台湾。亲缘关系分析表明,大部分品种（系）都按照其地理来源和遗传背景进行了聚类。根据育种方式分组的分析表明,杂交选育的品种（系）遗传多样性水平较其他方式选育的品种（系）低。
The genetic diversity and relationship of 46 Oolong tea varieties and strains from Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan were analyzed by 40 pairs of SSR markers. Totally 179 alleles and 329 genotypes were amplified by 40 SSR markers, with the average of 4.48 and 8.23. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.52.Gene diversity (H), observed heterozygosity (Ho) and genetic diversity were 0.57, 0.40 and 0.59, respectively. Genetic diversity of Oolong tea varieties and stains from Guangdong was higher than that from Fujian and Taiwan. All the tested varieties and strains were clustered according to its geographic source and breeding source using both UPGMA and PCA method. The genetic diversity of tested varieties and strains gained by cross breeding was lower than that of samples bred through other methods. In conclusion, the genetic polymorphism of 46 Oolong tea varieties was relatively abundant and the relationship among them would be of great help to effectively select the breeding parents.
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