研究了没食子儿茶素(Gallocatechin, GC)、表儿茶素(Epicatechin, EC)、表没食子儿茶素(Epigallocatechin, EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epicatechin gallate, ECG)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate, EGCG)、原儿茶醛(Protocatechuic aldehyde, PAD)、原儿茶酸(Protocatechuic acid, PA)共7种茶多酚类物质在MDCK细胞中的抑制流感病毒活性。结果表明,EGCG和ECG具有显著的抑制病毒作用,对感染H5N1、H1N1和H9N2 3种亚型流感病毒的MDCK细胞50%保护率浓度(EC50)分别在0.04~0.11 mmol/L和0.05~0.07 mmol/L范围,其保护效果均优于阳性对照药利巴韦林（EC50：0.41~0.53 mmol/L）。7种茶多酚类物质对流感病毒神经氨酸酶（NA）均有不同程度的抑制作用,EGCG和ECG对H5N1、H1N1和H9N2 3种亚型流感病毒NA活性抑制浓度（IC50）分别在0.03~0.14 mmol/L和0.34~0.69 mmol/L范围。茶多酚对NA的抑制活性大小与其细胞中对病毒的抑制作用基本一致,表明对NA的抑制可能是其抗流感病毒机制。本文还研究了茶多酚含量为85%的苦茶(C. assamica var. Kucha)提取物对感染流感病毒小鼠的肺炎抑制效果,结果显示,1 000 mg/(kg·d)苦茶提取物对感染H9N2亚型流感病毒BALB/c鼠肺炎有显著抑制作用(P﹤0.05),肺指数抑制率达37%。
Tea polyphenols gallocatechin (GC), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG),epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), protocatechuic aldehyde (PAD) and protocatechuic acid (PA) were evaluated for their ability to inhibit influenza virus in MDCK cells. Among these compounds, the EGCG and ECG showed a marked antiviral effect against influenza virus infections in MDCK cells and this effect was observed in all influenza virus subtypes tested, including H5N1, H1N1 and H9N2 virus. The 50% effective inhibitory concentrations (EC50) of EGCG and ECG for three virus subtypes were 0.04~0.11 mmol/L and 0.05~0.07 mmol/L, respectively, which were less than the EC50 value of ribavirin(0.41~0.53 mmol/L) in MDCK cells. All these tea polyphenols tested showed an inhibitory effect on the neuraminidases (NAs) from H5N1, H1N1 and H9N2 viruses. The 50% effective inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of EGCG and ECG for three NAs from virus subtypes were 0.03~0.14 mmol/L and 0.34~0.69 mmol/L, respectively. The inhibitory effect of EGCG and ECG on the NAs was similar to their antiviral effect in MDCK cells, which suggested their anti-influenza effect was due to their inhibition on the NAs. In addition, the inhibitory effect on mice infected by influenza virus of extracts from C. assamica var. Kucha containing 85% polyphenolics was evaluated. At the concentration of 1 000 mg/(kg·d), the extracts possessed potent inhibitory effect on BALB/c’s pneumonia consolidation infected by influenza viruses. The inhibition of the extracts on lung index was 37%.
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