采用治疗性给予普洱茶的方法,探讨普洱茶调节血脂、保护血管内皮及抗动脉粥样硬化的作用和机制。通过SD大鼠高脂饲料造模28 d后,给予不同剂量普洱茶35 d。试验期间检测所有动物的体重变化;试验结束后检测血脂水平及血浆一氧化氮（NO）,并进行主动脉病理组织学检查。结果表明,普洱生茶及熟茶组与模型组比较：（1）体重明显减轻;（2）血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）明显降低,血浆NO浓度增加;（3）主动脉血管壁内皮细胞损伤减轻,血管内皮素-1（ET-1）表达减少。通过研究认为,治疗性给予普洱茶,能够降低高脂饲料饲喂SD大鼠的体重及血脂水平,熟茶作用更显著;普洱茶具有保护血管内皮的作用,其作用机制可能与它促进NO合成,抑制ET-1合成有关。

To explore the effects and mechanisms of Pu-erh tea on hyperlipidemia treatment, antioxidation, vascular endothelium protection and artherosclerosis prevention. Hyperlipidemia were successfully induced in SD rats. Different doses of Pu-erh tea were administered to these rats for 35 days started from the 28th day of induction. Body weights of all animals were recorded during experiment. At the experimental endpoint, blood lipid levels and plasma NO levels were measured. Moreover, aortas of rats were collected to examine patho-histological changes. Results: The comparison on fermenting and fermented Pu-erh tea groups and model group revealed that: (1) Bodyweights were reduced remarkably in Pu-erh tea groups. (2) Levels of TC, TG and LDL-C were decreased and NO content increased significantly in Pu-erh tea groups. (3) Endothelial cells damage was reduced as well as the level of ET-1 in vein. Conclusions: (1) Pu-erh tea can be used as treatment for hyperlipidemia induced by high lipid diet, fermented Pu-erh tea shows a stronger lipid down regulating effect than fermenting Pu-erh tea. (2) Pu-erh tea can protect vascular endothelial cells, and this effect may be associated with increasing plasm levels of NO, and decreasing of ET-1.