寄主-害虫-天敌间的化学信息联系是食物链中成员赖以生存的基础。本研究以茶树和三种主要害虫（茶尺蠖,茶蚜,假眼小绿叶蝉）及其天敌为对象,结果表明,害虫对寄主的定位依赖于茶树芽梢的挥发物,如顺-3-己烯-1-醇,芳樟醇,正戊醇等。生测和EAG测定表明, 这些化合物对害虫具强引诱力和电生理反应,但对天敌仅有弱的活性。害虫加害茶树后,茶树体内代谢发生改变,释放出特异性互利素,如茶尺蠖加害后5-6碳醛类化合物增多,茶蚜加害后产生的苯甲醛和假眼小绿叶蝉加害后产生的2,6-二甲基-3,7-辛二烯-2,6-二醇和吲哚.它们在10-6-10-9βg/ml 低浓度下对各自的天敌具强的引诱活性和电生理反应, 但对害虫仅具弱的或无活性。害虫口腔分泌物中的酶类是诱导特异性互利素形成的引发子。这种活性物质具周身输导能力。
The relation of chemical communication between the host-herbivore-natural enemies is the basis of existence of the member in the food chain. The chemical communication between tea plant and the three major insect pests (tea geometrid, tea aphid, tea leafhopper) as well as the seven natural enemies was investigated by the authors. Results indicated that the location of insect pest on the tea plant depended on the volatiles emitted from the tea shoots, such as the z-3-hexen-1-ol, linanool, n-pentanol etc. Bioassay and EAG estimation showed that these compounds showed strong attractiveness and electrophysiological response to tea pests, however, they showed only a weak activities to the natural enemies. The metabolism in tea plants was changed and released the specific synomone after damaged by the pests. For example, the damage of tea geometrid induced more C5-C6 aldehyde compounds liberated and tea aphid damage induced the liberation of benzyaldehyde. The damage of tea shoots by tea leafhopper induced the release of 2,6-dimethyl-3,7-octadien-2,6-diol and indole. These compounds showed a strong attractiveness and electro-physiological response to their respective natural enemies under a very low concentration of 10-6-10-9βg/ml, however, they showed only a weak or no activities to leafhopper. The enzymes in the oral regurgitate secreted by the tea pests was the elicitor inducing the release of specific volatile synomone from tea shoots. These synomones possessed the systemic activity of translocation in tea plant.
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