为了解黔东南州茶叶质量安全情况,本研究对黔东南州111份茶叶中的63种农药残留进行了检测分析,并按照膳食暴露评估和英国FSA（Food Standards Agency,英国食品标准局）风险排序体系对茶叶中检出农药进行风险分析。结果显示,茶叶样品的农药检出率为54.05%,检出农药22种,单项农药检出率为0.90%~31.53%。按照食品中农药最大残留限量（GB 2763—2016）判定,合格率97.30%;按照欧盟标准限量判定,合格率87.39%。根据膳食评估公式计算,所检出农药的慢性摄入风险（%ADI）为0.0037%~1.1780%,急性摄入风险（%ARfD）为0.03%~41.42%,表明黔东南州茶叶的慢性摄入风险和急性摄入风险都可接受。农药风险排序得出,农药在低、中和高风险水平的比例分别为45.45%、31.82%和22.73%,其中风险最高的农药是克百威。因此,黔东南州茶叶农药残留风险均在可接受范围,茶叶质量安全情况良好。
In order to understand the quality and safety of tea in Qiandongnan, the pesticide residues in tea were determined, and the risk factors of pesticide residues detected in tea were analyzed according to dietary exposure assessment and FSA (Food Standards Agency) risk ranking system. The results show that the detection rate of pesticide residues in tea was 54.05%, with 22 kinds of pesticides detected. The detection rate of single pesticide ranged from 0.90% to 31.53%. According to the maximum residue limit of pesticides in foods (GB 2763—2016), the qualified rate is 97.30%. According to the EU standard limit, the qualified rate is 87.39%. The chronic intake risk (% ADI) of the detected pesticides and acute intake risk (%ARfD) were 0.0037%-1.1780% and 0.03%-41.42%, which are acceptable. Based on the pesticide risk ranking, the pesticides at low, medium and high risk levels are 45.45%, 31.82% and 22.73%, with the highest risk of Carbofuran. Therefore, the risk of pesticide residues in this study was within an acceptable range, indicating their quality and safety were good.
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