32份茶树地方群体种资源的遗传多样性和群体结构分析

李长乐; 葛悦; 闫美琳; 李慧; 林青青; 王璞; 赵华; 王明乐; 王郁; 郭飞; 倪德江

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.20210804.002

茶叶科学 >

2021 , Vol. 41 >Issue 5: 619 - 630

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.20210804.002

研究报告

32份茶树地方群体种资源的遗传多样性和群体结构分析

李长乐 ,
葛悦 ,
闫美琳 ,
李慧 ,
林青青 ,
王璞 ,
赵华 ,
王明乐 ,
王郁 ,
郭飞 ,
倪德江

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华中农业大学园艺林学学院/园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉 430070

李长乐,女,硕士研究生,主要从事茶树遗传育种研究。

收稿日期: 2021-03-02

修回日期: 2021-03-24

网络出版日期: 2021-10-12

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2019YFD1001601）、园艺作物种质资源平台（2020DFE017）、中央高校基本科研业务费专项（2662020YLPY023）

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Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of 32 Tea Landraces in China

LI Changle ,
GE Yue ,
YAN Meilin ,
LI Hui ,
LIN Qingqing ,
WANG Pu ,
ZHAO Hua ,
WANG Mingle ,
WANG Yu ,
GUO Fei ,
NI Dejiang

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Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Received date: 2021-03-02

Revised date: 2021-03-24

Online published: 2021-10-12

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摘要

选取均匀分布于茶树15个连锁群上的30对SSR引物,对来自12个省份的32份茶树群体种资源进行遗传多样性和群体结构分析,以期为茶树杂交育种亲本选择和演化路线推断提供参考。研究共获得149个等位基因,平均每个SSR标记检测到5.96个等位基因,引物多态性信息含量均值为0.660。32个茶树群体Shannon’s多样性指数范围为0.691~1.089,平均数为0.954;观测杂合度的范围为0.253~0.633,平均数为0.510;期望杂合度范围为0.430~0.653,平均数为0.590。供试茶树群体遗传分化系数（Fst）均值为0.205,遗传分化水平较高。基于Nei’s遗传距离的聚类和群体结构分析结果一致,供试种质可划分为四大类型,具有明显的地域分布规律。

关键词： 群体品种; SSR分子标记; 群体结构; 遗传多样性; 演化路线

本文引用格式

李长乐 , 葛悦 , 闫美琳 , 李慧 , 林青青 , 王璞 , 赵华 , 王明乐 , 王郁 , 郭飞 , 倪德江 . 32份茶树地方群体种资源的遗传多样性和群体结构分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2021 , 41(5) : 619 -630 . DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.20210804.002

Abstract

Tea plant populations are natural populations of tea plants. They are cultivated in specific production areas and contain individuals with different economic and biological traits. There are great differences among individuals and there are many types. They are important materials for studying the evolutionary relationship and breeding of tea plants. In this study, 30 pairs of SSR primers distributed on 15 linkage groups were selected to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 32 tea plant populations from 12 provinces, in order to provide a reference for the selection of tea breeding parents and the inference of evolution route. In this study, a total of 149 alleles were obtained with an average of 5.96 for each SSR marker. The average polymorphism information content of primers was 0.660. Shannon's diversity index of 32 tea populations ranged from 0.691 to 1.089, with an average of 0.954. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.253 to 0.633, with an average of 0.510. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.430 to 0.653, with an average of 0.590. The average genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) of tea plant population was 0.205, indicating a high level of genetic differentiation. The results of clustering based on Nei's genetic distance and population structure analysis were consistent. The germplasm to be tested was divided into 4 major types, with obvious regional distribution.

Key words： tea landraces; SSR molecular marker; population structure; genetic diversity; evolutionary route

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