通过肠道菌群改变研究青砖茶（GBT）对小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）的预防作用。C57BL/6小鼠随机分为5组,即正常对照组（NC）,模型对照组（MC）,阳性药物对照组（PC）以及青砖茶低剂量组（LD）、高剂量组（HD）,高脂饲料喂养小鼠建立NAFLD模型,同时预防性给予低、高剂量青砖茶水提取物和阳性药物血脂康,分别测定小鼠的体重、食物利用率、肝重、肝指数、TC、LDL-C/HDL-C及ALT含量,HE染色和油红O染色观察肝组织病理切片,ELISA检测肝组织IL-1β、IL-18含量变化,16 S rDNA V3-V4区高通量测序分析肠道菌群变化,Spearman相关性分析方法分析菌群与NAFLD表型的相关性。与模型组比较,青砖茶组小鼠体重、食物利用率、肝重、肝指数、血清TC、LDL-C/HDL-C、ALT、肝组织TC、IL-1β、IL-18含量均有显著性降低,肝脏病变程度有所改善;肠道菌群分析及相关性分析显示Bacteroides物种丰度降低,且与NAFLD表型呈正相关,Lactobacillus、Alloprevotella、Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis物种丰度增加,且与NAFLD表型呈负相关,与NAFLD表型相关性最强的菌群为Bacteroides和Lactobacillus。青砖茶对NAFLD具有一定的预防作用,其作用可能与影响肠道菌群的改变有关。
The preventive effect of green brick tea (GBT) on the mouse non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model was studied by affecting changes in gut microbiota. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including normal control group (NC), model control group (MC), positive drug control group (PC), low-dose group (LD) and high-dose group (HD) of GBT. A NAFLD model was established by feeding mice with high-fat diet, and supplemented with low and high doses of GBT water extract and positive drug (Xuezhikang) respectively. The body weight, food utilization efficiency, liver weight, liver index, TC, LDL-C/HDL-C and ALT contents of mice were determined. Liver tissue pathological sections were observed by HE staining and Oil Red O staining. ELISA method was used to detect changes of IL-1β and IL-18 in liver tissue. The changes of gut microbiota were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing in 16 S rDNA V3-V4 region, and Spearman's correlation analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and NAFLD phenotype. Compared with the model control group, the body weight, food utilization efficiency, liver weight, liver index, serum TC, LDL-C/HDL-C, ALT, liver tissue TC, IL-1β, and IL-18 contents of mice in the GBT group were significantly reduced, and the degree of liver disease was improved. Gut microbiota analysis and correlation analysis show that the species abundance of Bacteroides decreased, and it was positively correlated with the NAFLD phenotype. The species abundance of Lactobacillus, Alloprevotella, and Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis increased, and they were negatively correlated with the NAFLD phenotype. Bacteroides and Lactobacillus had the strongest correlation with NAFLD phenotype. Green brick tea has a certain preventive effect on NAFLD, and its effect may be related to the changes in gut microbiota.
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