福建茶树种质资源群体结构及遗传差异

杨军; 张力岚; 张雯婧; 陈林海; 郑国华; 李毅晶; 王让剑

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.06.006

茶叶科学 >

2023 , Vol. 43 >Issue 6: 769 - 783

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.06.006

研究报告

福建茶树种质资源群体结构及遗传差异

杨军 ,
张力岚 ,
张雯婧 ,
陈林海 ,
郑国华 ,
李毅晶 ,
王让剑

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1.福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所,福建福州 350000;
2.福建省种植业技术推广总站,福建福州 350003;
3.福安市茶叶质量检测中心,福建福安 355000;
4.福安市科茗农业发展有限公司,福建福安 355000;
5.邵武农业农村局,福建邵武 354000

杨军,男,助理研究员,从事茶树种质资源与遗传育种研究。

收稿日期: 2023-07-31

修回日期: 2023-09-15

网络出版日期: 2024-01-08

基金资助

福建省现代农业（茶叶）产业技术体系（闽农综2019[144号]）、公益类科研院所专项（2021R11010030-8）

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Population Structure and Genetic Differences of Tea Germplasm Resources in Fujian

YANG Jun ,
ZHANG Lilan ,
ZHANG Wenjing ,
CHEN Linhai ,
ZHENG Guohua ,
LI Yijing ,
WANG Rangjian

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1. Tea Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350000, China;
2. Fujian Provincial Farming Technology Promotion Station, Fuzhou 350003, China;
3. Tea Quality Testing Center of Fu'an, Fu'an 355000, China;
4. Fu'an Keming Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Fu'an 355000, China;
5. Shaowu Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Shaowu 354000, China

Received date: 2023-07-31

Revised date: 2023-09-15

Online published: 2024-01-08

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摘要

利用38对SSR荧光引物对208个福建茶树种质资源的群体遗传结构、遗传多态性、遗传分化、基因流、分子方差进行分析,并调查其叶片性状。结果表明,208个福建茶树资源的Nei’s遗传多样性指数为0.674,Shannon’s信息指数为1.444;叶面积与叶片长宽比平均值分别为27.442 cm²和2.516;福建茶树种质资源的遗传变异主要来源于个体间遗传变异。经群体结构分析将供试材料分为8个群体,群体a、b、f、h内材料来源单一,群体c、d、e、g内材料来源复杂,不同地点间茶树群体遗传背景相似。群体a、群体b、群体e内共有40个福建茶树品种,群体a内主要为适制绿茶品种,群体b内主要为适制乌龙茶品种,群体e内代表性品种为适制绿茶品种,群体a、群体b、群体e的群体属性与适制茶类存在一定相关性;群体c内包含南靖县、云霄县与平和县资源,地理位置相对较近,群体属性与地理来源相关。群体g与群体e群体间基因流为6.321,表明群体间基因交流频繁;群体相似系数聚类显示群体d与群体b亲缘关系较近。群体h与其他群体间遗传分化明显,叶面积、叶齿数性状特征差异显著（P<0.05）,群体f与其他群体间亲缘关系较远,叶齿数、叶脉对数性状特征差异显著（P<0.05）,说明群体h和群体f都具有一定的独特性,需进一步鉴定。本研究结果为福建茶树种质资源的鉴定、筛选与利用提供一定的参考。

关键词： 茶树; 福建; 群体结构; 遗传差异

本文引用格式

杨军 , 张力岚 , 张雯婧 , 陈林海 , 郑国华 , 李毅晶 , 王让剑 . 福建茶树种质资源群体结构及遗传差异[J]. 茶叶科学, 2023 , 43(6) : 769 -783 . DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.06.006

Abstract

The population genetic structure, genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, gene flow, molecular variance of 208 tea germplasm resources in Fujian were studied by using 38 pairs of SSR fluorescent primers, and the leaf traits were also investigated. The results show that the Nei’s genetic diversity index and Shannon’s information index of 208 tea resources in Fujian were 0.674 and 1.444, respectively. The average values of leaf area and length-width ratio were 27.442 cm² and 2.516, respectively. The genetic variation of tea germplasm in Fujian were mainly originated from individual genetic variation. The test materials were divided into 8 groups by the structure software analysis. The material sources in groups a, b, f, and h were single, while the material sources in groups c, d, e, and g were complex. The genetic background of tea population in different regions was similar. There were a total of 40 tea cultivars from Fujian in groups a, b, and e. Group a was mainly cultivars suitable for processing green tea. Group b was mainly cultivars suitable for processing oolong tea. The representative cultivars within group e were suitable for processing green tea. There is a certain correlation between the group attributes of group a, group b, group e and the suitable tea cultivars. Group c included the resources from Nanjing county, Yunxiao county and Pinghe county, with relatively close geographical locations. The group attributes are related to geographical sources. The gene flow value between group g and group e was 6.321, indicating frequent gene exchange between groups. The clustering of group similarity coefficients shows that group d and group b were closely related. The genetic differentiation between group h and other groups was obvious, and the characters of leaf area and leaf serration number were significantly different (P<0.05). The genetic relationship between group f and other groups was relatively distant, and there were significant differences in the characteristics of leaf serration number and leaf vein logarithm (P<0.05), showing that both group h and group f had certain uniqueness and need further identification. These research results provided a certain reference for the identification, screening, and utilization of tea germplasm resources in Fujian.

Key words： tea plant; Fujian; population structure; genetic differentiation

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