以相同鲜叶加工而成的红茶及其发花红砖茶为原料,在应用链脲佐菌素腹腔注射并成功建立高血糖模型小鼠方法的基础上,将90只KM雄性小鼠按每组10只,随机分为正常组、模型组、红茶及发花红砖茶高、中、低剂量组和盐酸二甲双胍片组,连续灌喂28天,探讨了红茶及其发花红砖茶对高血糖模型小鼠的降血糖作用。结果表明,与正常组相比,模型组小鼠体重、饮水、饮食、血糖水平均有极显著差异（P<0.01）,且血糖水平达到高血糖标准,说明造模成功;与模型组相比,红茶及发花红砖茶高剂量组的肝脏指数显著下降（P<0.05）、胰腺指数显著上升（P<0.05）;中、高剂量组的总胆固醇显著下降（P<0.05）,过氧化氢酶、超氧化物岐化酶显著上升（P<0.05）;各剂量组的血糖、甘油三酯、丙二醛含量水平显著下降（P<0.05）,口服耐糖量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性及胰岛素含量水平则显著上升（P<0.05）,除红茶低剂量组外各剂量组肝糖原含量水平均显著上升（P<0.05）,同时可修复受损胰岛;与红茶组相比,发花红砖茶高剂量组在改善胰岛素水平、血糖水平、口服耐糖量、丙二醛水平及肝糖原水平上显著优于红茶高剂量组（P<0.05）,中、高剂量组在提高过氧化氢酶、超氧化物岐化酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的酶活性上显著优于红茶中、高剂量组（P<0.05）。由此表明,红茶及其发花红砖茶均具有降低高血糖模型小鼠血糖的作用,且在作用效果上发花红砖茶优于红茶,但其机制有待进一步探究。
Based on the successfully establishment of hyperglycemia model by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, 90 KM male mice were randomly divided into the normal, model, black tea treated (high, medium, low doses), fungus fermented black brick tea treated (high, medium, low doses) and metformin hydrochloride (n=10/each group) groups, and were continuously administrated for 28 days to study the hypoglycemic effects of black tea and fungus fermented black brick tea processed from the same batch of fresh leaves. The results show that compared with the normal group, the weight, water, diet and blood glucose levels of the model group were significantly different (P<0.01). The blood glucose level of the model group reached the standard of hyperglycemic index and indicates that the model was successful. Compared with the model group, the high dose of black tea treated group and fungus fermented black brick tea treated groups’ liver index were significantly decreased (P<0.05) and the pancreas index were significantly enhanced (P<0.05). The total cholesterols of the middle and high doses of black tea treated groups and fungus fermented black brick tea treated groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly increased (P<0.05). The blood sugar, triglyceride and malondialdehyde levels of black tea treated groups and fungus fermented black brick tea treated groups were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Besides, glucose tolerance, activity of glutathione peroxidase, insulin levels were increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The damaged structure of pancreas were repaired in black tea treated and fungus fermented black brick tea treated groups. Except for the low-dose black tea treated group, the hepatic glycogen level were enhanced in other black tea treated groups (P<0.05). Compared with the black tea groups, the high-dose fungus fermented black brick tea was significantly superior to the high-dose black tea in improving insulin level, blood sugar level, oral glucose tolerance, malondialdehyde level and liver glycogen level (P<0.05). The middle and high dose groups of fungus fermented black brick tea were also significantly superior to the middle and high dose groups of black tea in increasing the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. The results prompt that both the black tea and fungus fermented black brick tea could reduce the blood glucose of hyperglycemic mice, and fungus fermented black brick tea had better effects than black tea. The underlying mechanism needs further investigation.
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