花青素是一类广泛存在于植物中的水溶性色素,作为一种强自由基清除剂,它具有抗炎,抗氧化,降血压,降血糖等多种保健功能。紫芽茶树作为一种高花青素含量的特异性茶树资源,其研究与利用越来越受人们的关注。为了解茶树紫芽中花青素形成的分子机理,本研究通过对湖南农业大学自选紫芽品种9803与绿芽品种9806进行转录组测序及生物信息学分析,筛选得到42条与花青素代谢相关的unigene,其中比对到参考基因组中的有34条,未在参考基因组中登录的有8条。KEGG富集分析表明这42个基因被富集到5个代谢通路中,包括类黄酮合成途径,木质素合成途径,黄酮和黄酮醇合成途径,油菜素甾醇合成途径,以及参与转录因子的编码。通过荧光定量PCR验证,差异基因荧光定量PCR变化趋势与转录组测序结果一致,转录组测序数据可靠。本次试验在转录组水平上筛选出了茶叶紫芽花青素代谢相关的差异基因,为进一步揭示茶叶紫芽产生的分子机理奠定了基础。
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments which widely exist in plants. As strong free radical scavengers, they have many health benefical functions from anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, blood pressure lowering to hypoglycemic effect. The purple tea plants are a kind of specific tea germplasm rich in anthocyanins. More and more attentions had been focused on research and utilization of purple tea plants. In order to understand the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple buds of tea, RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis were performed using purple-buds cultivar 9803 and green-buds cultivar 9806 bred by Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China. Totally 42 unigenes were identified to be involved in anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, including 34 genes registered in the GenBank database and 8 genes not reported. KEGG pathway analysis showed that differentially expression genes annotated to five metabolic pathways, including flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, lignin biosynthesis pathway, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway, brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway and encoding transcription factors. The expression profiles of differentially expressed genes by qRT-PCR were consistent with transcriptome sequencing results, demonstrating the sequencing results were reliable. In summary, many differentially expressed genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in the purple buds of tea were identified, which laid the foundation for further investigation of the molecular mechanism of purple bud formation in tea plants.
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