对60个低咖啡碱单株进行咖啡碱含量的HPLC测定和42对EST-SSR引物的分子变异分析。结果表明茶叶中咖啡碱鲜重的变化范围是0.38%~1.08%,低于亲本咖啡碱含量的单株有5份,符合低咖啡碱茶筛选的目标。42对EST-SSR引物在遗传群体中共检测出129个等位基因,每对引物可检测出2~7个等位基因,平均3.86个,平均Shannon-Weaver指数（I）为0.65;标记的多态性信息含量（PIC）平均为0.33,变化范围是0.03~0.68。初步鉴定出3个与咖啡碱变异相关联的分子标记,对低咖啡碱优异基因的筛选及低咖啡碱茶树新品种的选育具有一定的指导意义。
The caffeine content of 60 individuals of a low-caffeine population of tea plant was analyzed using HPLC and the molecular variance was studied using 42 EST-SSR markers, respectively. The results showed that the caffeine content of fresh weight ranged from 0.38% to 1.08%. Five individuals had lower caffeine content than female parent, and they can be used as breeding materials for further screening low-caffeine tea cultivars. One hundred and twenty-nine alleles were detected, each pair of primers could detect 2 to 7 alleles, an average of 3.86. The average number of Shannon-Weaver index (I) was 0.65. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of EST-SSR markers varied from 0.03 to 0.68, with average of 0.33. Three SSR markers, TM089, TM200 and TM211, related to variation of caffeine content were preliminary identified. It would be of important significance for screening excellent genetic resources and breeding new low-caffeine tea cultivars.
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