3个黄化茶树品种对小贯小绿叶蝉抗性机制的比较研究

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来黄化茶树品种推广面积持续增加,茶园病虫害也逐渐显现。为探讨黄化茶树品种抵抗主要害虫小贯小绿叶蝉（Empoasca onukii）的机制,选取浙西南大面积种植的3个黄化茶树地方品种‘黄龙锦’‘黄金芽’‘大黄袍’,并以‘龙井43’为对照,采用刺探电位图谱技术记录和比较小贯小绿叶蝉在这些茶树品种上的取食行为,评价各茶树品种的抗性;分析比较3个黄化茶树品种健康状态与受害24 h后挥发性物质及叶片非挥发性物质的差异。取食行为分析表明,各茶树品种抗性由强至弱为‘黄龙锦’>‘龙井43’>‘黄金芽’>‘大黄袍’;叶蝉为害后茶叶的挥发性化合物中共测出6种组分,α-法呢烯、β-罗勒烯、2-甲基-6-亚甲基-1,7-辛二烯-3-酮在黄化茶树品种中均有检出,其中‘黄龙锦’含量最高;通过正交偏最小二乘法判别分析模型在叶蝉为害后非挥发性物质中筛选出16种主要差异化合物,其中苏氨酸、表儿茶素没食子酸酯（Epicatechin gallate,ECG）、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（Epigallocatechin gallat,EGCG）含量与E波历期显著负相关,槲皮素、丝氨酸、酪氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸含量,以及多酚氧化酶活力与E波历期呈显著正相关;叶蝉为害后3个黄化茶树品种ECG、EGCG含量均显著增加（P<0.05）,以‘黄龙锦’的含量最高。综上所述,叶蝉为害可致茶叶中的挥发性及非挥发性物质发生改变,从而对叶蝉产生抗性,3种供试黄化茶树品种对叶蝉的抗性存在差异,以‘黄龙锦’抗性最强。

关键词: 小贯小绿叶蝉, 黄化茶树品种, 刺探电位技术, 抗虫性

Abstract: In the past years, the growing area of etiolated tea cultivars has continued to expand, and at the same time, diseases and pests damage have gradually emerged on the cultivars. To explore the resistance mechanism of etiolated tea cultivars against the Empoasca onukii, an important pest, three etiolated local tea cultivars, ‘Huanglongjin’, ‘Huangjinya’ and ‘Dahuangpao’, widely planted in the southwestern Zhejiang Province were selected, with ‘Longjing 43’ as the control. The feeding behavior on these tea cultivars was monitored and compared using the electrical penetration graphy technique, and their resistance was evaluated. Additionally, the differences in volatiles and non-volatile substances among the three etiolated tea cultivars were analyzed and compared between healthy status and 24 hours after leafhopper injury. The feeding behavior analysis indicates that the resistance varied from strong to weak, with ‘Huanglongjin’, ‘Longjing 43’, ‘Huangjinya’ and ‘Dahuangpao’ identified as the most and least resistant cultivars, respectively. Volatiles from tea shoots injured by E. onukii revealed the presence of six components, including α-farnesene, β-ocimene, and 2-methyl-6-methylene-1, 7-octanediene-3-one, detected in all three etiolated tea cultivars pierced and sucked by the leafhopper. The contents of these compounds were found to be highest in ‘Huanglongjin’. Sixteen main differential compounds were screened out from the non-volatile substances of tea plants after leafhopper-injured by using the orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis model. Among them, the contents of threonine, epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were significantly and negatively correlated with the duration of the E wave. In contrast, a significant positive correlation was observed between the contents of quercetin, serine, tyrosine, leucine, proline, and the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and the duration of the E wave. In addition, the contents of both ECG and EGCG in three etiolated tea cultivars following injury by the tea leafhopper were found to be significantly elevated (P<0.05), with the highest levels observed in ‘Huanglongjin’. In conclusion, injury by E. onukii can induce changes in both volatile and non-volatile substances in tea leaves, thereby conferring resistance against leafhoppers. And differences in resistance were observed among three etiolated tea cultivars with ‘Huanglongjin’ showing the strongest resistance.

Key words: Empoasca onukii, etiolated tea cultivars, electrical penetration graphy, insect resistance

中图分类号:

夏露霞, 韩善捷, 韩宝瑜, 王梦馨. 3个黄化茶树品种对小贯小绿叶蝉抗性机制的比较研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2026, 46(2): 238-254. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.02.002.

XIA Luxia, HAN Shanjie, HAN Baoyu, WANG Mengxin. Comparative Study on Resistance Mechanism of Three Etiolated Tea Cultivars Against Empoasca onukii[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2026, 46(2): 238-254. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2026.02.002.

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