欢迎访问《茶叶科学》,今天是
综述

茶多酚健康效应研究进程

  • 陈丹 ,
  • 王姗姗 ,
  • 张洁茹 ,
  • 郑芹芹 ,
  • 张相春 ,
  • 陈红平
展开
  • 1.茶树种质创新与资源利用全国重点实验室 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,浙江 杭州 310008;
    2.安徽阜阳技师学院,安徽 阜阳 236000
陈丹,女,硕士研究生,主要从事茶多酚健康方面的研究。

收稿日期: 2025-01-17

  修回日期: 2025-03-14

  网络出版日期: 2025-06-18

基金资助

浙江省重点研发计划(2023C02040)、国家自然科学基金(32372757)、四川省重点研发计划(2024YFHZ0179)、中国农业科学院创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-TRI)

Research Progress on Health Effects of Tea Polyphenols

  • CHEN Dan ,
  • WANG Shanshan ,
  • ZHANG Jieru ,
  • ZHENG Qinqin ,
  • ZHANG Xiangchun ,
  • CHEN Hongping
Expand
  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China;
    2. Anhui Fuyang Technician Institute, Fuyang 236000, China

Received date: 2025-01-17

  Revised date: 2025-03-14

  Online published: 2025-06-18

摘要

茶多酚是茶叶里含量最高的活性成分,具有多种生理功能。目前对茶多酚的研究历史缺乏系统性总结。系统梳理了茶多酚的发现、命名及功能应用的事件,并简要论述其在免疫调控、抗炎和氧化应激等方面的健康功效以及发挥活性的多酚羟基结构基础,为茶多酚在不同领域的应用研究提供支撑。此外,对新型茶多酚纳米生物材料解决茶多酚稳定性差、生物利用度低等难题的研究进行了概述。新型茶多酚纳米生物材料具有高稳定性、安全性和多功能的特点,有望推动茶多酚的进一步应用。

本文引用格式

陈丹 , 王姗姗 , 张洁茹 , 郑芹芹 , 张相春 , 陈红平 . 茶多酚健康效应研究进程[J]. 茶叶科学, 2025 , 45(3) : 379 -392 . DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.03.008

Abstract

Tea polyphenols are the most abundant active components in tea, with a variety of physiological functions. However, there is a lack of a systematic summary regarding the research history of tea polyphenols. This paper systematically reviewed the discovery, naming and functional application of tea polyphenols, while also briefly discussed their health benefits in immune regulation, anti-inflammation, and oxidative stress as well as the structural basis of the active hydroxyl groups in polyphenols. Consequently, it provided support for the application research of tea polyphenols in different fields. In addition, in view of the problems of poor stability and low bioavailability of tea polyphenols, we provided a brief overview of research on novel tea polyphenol nanobiomaterials. These nanobiomaterials exhibited the characteristics of high stability, safety and multi-functionality, which were anticipated to enhance the further application of tea polyphenols.

参考文献

[1] 宛晓春. 茶叶生物化学[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003.
Wan X C.Tea biochemistry [M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003.
[2] 阮宇成. 茶多酚的组成与茶叶品质[J]. 中国茶叶, 1979, 1(1): 2-5.
Ruan Y C.The composition of tea polyphenols and tea quality[J]. China Tea, 1979, 1(1): 2-5.
[3] 陈椽. 茶业通史[M]. 2版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2008.
Chen C.A general history of tea industry [M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2008.
[4] 阮宇成. 茶叶提取物中茶多酚测定值的商榷[J]. 中国茶叶, 1995, 17(3): 20-21.
Ruan Y C.Discussion on the determination values of tea polyphenols in tea extracts[J]. China Tea, 1995, 17(3): 20-21.
[5] 阮宇成. 茶叶保健功能的研究及其发展前途[J]. 茶叶, 1994(1): 10-12.
Ruan Y C.Research on the health benefits of tea and its development prospect[J]. Journal of Tea, 1994(1): 10-12.
[6] 于钦明, 郑淇, 杨玉赫. 从“神农尝百草”认知茶的药用价值及其对中医药文化发展的经验研究[J]. 福建茶叶, 2021, 43(9): 41-42.
Yu Q M, Zheng Q, Yang Y H.Research on the medicinal value of tea recognized from “Shennong tasting a hundred herbs” and its experience in the development of traditional chinese medicine culture[J]. Tea in Fujian, 2021, 43(9): 41-42.
[7] 阮宇成. 近三年茶多酚在抗氧化、抗癌研究的简况[J]. 茶叶, 1996(4): 36-37.
Ruan Y C.A Brief situation of tea polyphenols in antioxidant and anti-cancer research in the past three years[J]. Journal of Tea, 1996(4): 36-37.
[8] 阮宇成. 谈谈茶叶开发问题[J]. 福建茶叶, 2002(3): 28.
Ruan Y C.On the issue of tea development[J]. Tea in Fujian, 2002(3): 28.
[9] 鲍军, 洪允祥, 楼建国, 等. 茶黄烷醇类防治动脉粥样硬化的实验研究[J]. 南京中医学院学报, 1989(3): 35-37, 58.
Bao J, Hong Y X, Lou J G, et al.Experimental study on the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis by tea flavanols[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1989(3): 35-37, 58.
[10] 沈新南, 陆瑞芳, 唐金发, 等. 茶多酚降血脂抗血栓作用的实验研究[J]. 营养学报, 1993(2): 147-151.
Shen X N, Lu R F, Tang J F, et al.Experimental study on the hypolipidemic and antithrombotic effects of tea polyphenols[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 1993(2): 147-151.
[11] 杨贤强, 贾之慎, 沈生荣, 等. 茶多酚类毒理学试验及其评价[J]. 浙江农业大学学报, 1992, 18(1): 26-32.
Yang X Q, Jia Z S, Shen S R, et al.Toxicological tests and evaluation of tea polyphenols[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural University, 1992, 18(1): 26-32.
[12] 杨贤强, 沈生荣, 贾之慎, 等. 茶多酚(TP)清除自由基和抗氧化作用的机理及应用基础研究[J]. 中国茶叶加工, 1994(1): 41-44.
Yang X Q, Shen S R, Jia Z S, et al.Mechanism and applied fundamental research on free radical scavenging and antioxidant effects of tea polyphenols (TP)[J]. China Tea Processing, 1994(1): 41-44.
[13] 陈炳银, 陈红平, 田宝明, 等. 茶多酚作为食品添加剂的应用研究进展[J]. 中国茶叶, 2024, 46(11): 33-44.
Chen B Y, Chen H P, Tian B M, et al.Research progress on the application of tea polyphenols as food additives[J]. China Tea, 2024 ,46(11): 33-44.
[14] 贾之慎, 杨贤强. 茶多酚抗氧化作用的研究与应用[J]. 食品科学, 1990(11): 1-5.
Jia Z S, Yang X Q.Research and application of antioxidant effects of tea polyphenols[J]. Food Science, 1990(11): 1-5.
[15] 全国食品发酵标准化中心、卫生部食品卫生监督检验所. 食品添加剂茶多酚: QB 2154—95[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 1995.
National Center for Standardization of Food Fermentation, Institute of Food Hygiene Supervision and Inspection, Ministry of Health. Food additive—tea polyphenols: QB 2154—95 [S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 1995.
[16] 杨贤强, 王岳飞, 陈留记. 茶多酚化学[M]. 上海科学技术出版社, 2003.
Yang X Q, Wang Y F, Chen L J.Tea polyphenol chemistry [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 2003.
[17] 陈宗懋. 茶叶有效成分首次获美国FDA批准为处方药上市[J]. 中国茶叶, 2007, 29(6): 19.
Chen Z M.The active ingredients of tea were approved by the US FDA for the first time as prescription drugs for marketing[J]. China Tea, 2007, 29(6): 19.
[18] 全国茶叶标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 339). 茶制品-第2部分: 茶多酚: GB/T 31740.2—2015[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2015.
National Tea Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 339). Tea products—Part 2: tea polyphenols: GB/T 31740.2—2015 [S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2015.
[19] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 食品安全国家标准食品添加剂茶多酚(又名维多酚): GB 1886.211—2016 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016.
National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. National Food Safety Standard - Food additive —tea polyphenols (also known as vitamin polyphenols): GB 1886.211—2016 [S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2016.
[20] Sun J, Dong S X, Li J, et al.A comprehensive review on the effects of green tea and its components on the immune function[J]. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2022, 11(5): 1143-1155.
[21] Chen G J, Chen R C, Chen D, et al.Tea polysaccharides as potential therapeutic options for metabolic diseases[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2018, 67(19): 5350-5360.
[22] de Araújo F F, de Paulo Farias D, Neri-Numa I A, et al. Polyphenols and their applications: an approach in food chemistry and innovation potential[J]. Food Chemistry, 2021, 338: 127535. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127535.
[23] Shi J, Yang G Z, You Q S, et al.Updates on the chemistry, processing characteristics, and utilization of tea flavonoids in last two decades (2001—2021)[J]. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2023, 63(20): 4757-4784.
[24] Kawai K, Tsuno N H, Kitayama J, et al.Catechin inhibits adhesion and migration of peripheral blood B cells by blocking CD11b[J]. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2011, 33(2): 391-397.
[25] Hyun K H, Gil K C, Kim S G, et al.Delphinidin chloride and its hydrolytic metabolite gallic acid promote differentiation of regulatory T cells and have an anti-inflammatory effect on the allograft model[J]. Journal of Food Science, 2019, 84(4): 920-930.
[26] Liu D D, Li P P, Song S S, et al.Pro-apoptotic effect of epigallo-catechin-3-gallate on B lymphocytes through regulating BAFF/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in rats with collagen-induced arthritis[J]. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2012, 690(1/2/3): 214-225.
[27] Zhang Y T, Cheng L, Liu Y N, et al.The intestinal microbiota links tea polyphenols with the regulation of mood and sleep to improve immunity[J]. Food Reviews International, 2023, 39(3): 1485-1498.
[28] Zhang R, Liu L L, Wang X W, et al.Dietary tea polyphenols induce changes in immune response and intestinal microbiota in Koi carp, cryprinus carpio[J]. Aquaculture, 2020, 516: 734636. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734636.
[29] Liu Z B, de Bruijn W J C, Bruins M E, et al. Reciprocal interactions between epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and human gut microbiota in vitro[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020, 68(36): 9804-9815.
[30] Zhou F, Li Y L, Zhang X, et al.Polyphenols from Fu brick tea reduce obesity via modulation of gut microbiota and gut microbiota-related intestinal oxidative stress and barrier function[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2021, 69(48): 14530-14543.
[31] 史霄燕. 茶多酚的抗氧化作用及机制[J]. 国外医学药学分册, 1998(4): 196-199.
Shi X Y.The antioxidant effect and mechanism of tea polyphenols[J]. Foreign Medical Sciences Section on Pharmacy, 1998(4): 196-199.
[32] Sies H.Biochemistry of oxidative stress[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, 1986, 25(12): 1058-1071.
[33] Qi G Y, Mi Y S, Fan R, et al.Tea polyphenols ameliorate hydrogen peroxide-and constant darkness-triggered oxidative stress via modulating the Keap1/Nrf2 transcriptional signaling pathway in HepG2 cells and mice liver[J]. RSC Advances, 2017, 7(51): 32198-32208.
[34] Qi G Y, Mi Y S, Wang Y W, et al.Neuroprotective action of tea polyphenols on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through the activation of the TrkB/CREB/BDNF pathway and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells and mice brain[J]. Food & Function, 2017, 8(12): 4421-4432.
[35] Wan C P, Hu X M, Li M X, et al.Potential protective function of green tea polyphenol EGCG against high glucose-induced cardiac injury and aging[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2023, 104: 105506. doi: 10.1016/j. jff. 2023.105506.
[36] Yan Z M, Zhong Y Z, Duan Y H, et al.Antioxidant mechanism of tea polyphenols and its impact on health benefits[J]. Animal Nutrition, 2020, 6(2): 115-123.
[37] Trisha A T, Shakil M H, Talukdar S, et al.Tea polyphenols and their preventive measures against cancer: current trends and directions[J]. Foods, 2022, 11(21): 3349. doi: 10.3390/foods11213349.
[38] Shirakami Y, Shimizu M.Possible mechanisms of green tea and its constituents against cancer[J]. Molecules, 2018, 23(9): 2284. doi: 10.3390/molecules23092284.
[39] Kaltschmidt B, Greiner J F W, Kadhim H M, et al. Subunit-specific role of NF-κB in cancer[J]. Biomedicines, 2018, 6(2): 44. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines6020044.
[40] Masuda M, Suzui M, Lim J T E, et al. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate decreases VEGF production in head and neck and breast carcinoma cells by inhibiting EGFR-related pathways of signal transduction[J]. Journal of Experimental Therapeutics and Oncology, 2002, 2(6): 350-359.
[41] Fujiki H, Suganuma M, Okabe S, et al.Cancer inhibition by green tea[J]. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 1998, 402(1/2): 307-310.
[42] Truong V L, Jeong W S.Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of tea polyphenols in inflammatory bowel diseases[J]. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2022, 11(3): 502-511.
[43] Chen Y, Cheng S, Dai J G, et al.Molecular mechanisms and applications of tea polyphenols: a narrative review[J]. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2021, 45(10): e13910. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13910.
[44] Caban M, Lewandowska U.Polyphenols and the potential mechanisms of their therapeutic benefits against inflammatory bowel diseases[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2022, 95: 105181. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105181.
[45] Song Z Y, Zhang X, Hong M Y, et al.Oolong tea polyphenols affect the inflammatory response to improve cognitive function by regulating gut microbiota[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2023, 105: 105584. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105584.
[46] Stillman A, Connors M, Miller M, et al.P-145 oral administration of egcg, a green tea polyphenol, both suppresses and rescues mice from dss-induced colitis[J]. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2016, 22: S54. doi: 10.1097/01.MIB.0000480274.14376.a7.
[47] Wu Z H, Huang S M, Li T T, et al.Gut microbiota from green tea polyphenol-dosed mice improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis and ameliorates experimental colitis[J]. Microbiome, 2021, 9: 1-22.
[48] Li J, Chen C F, Yang H, et al.Tea polyphenols regulate gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by antibiotic in mice[J]. Food Research International, 2021, 141: 110153. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110153.
[49] Cardona F, Andrés-Lacueva C, Tulipani S, et al.Benefits of polyphenols on gut microbiota and implications in human health[J]. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2013, 24(8): 1415-1422.
[50] Song Z Y, Ho C T, Zhang X.Gut microbiota mediate the neuroprotective effect of oolong tea polyphenols in cognitive impairment induced by circadian rhythm disorder[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2024, 72(21): 12184-12197.
[51] Wen J J, Li M Z, Chen C H, et al.Tea polyphenol and epigallocatechin gallate ameliorate hyperlipidemia via regulating liver metabolism and remodeling gut microbiota[J]. Food Chemistry, 2023, 404: 134591. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134591.
[52] Yan R N, Ho C T, Zhang X.Modulatory effects in circadian-related diseases via the reciprocity of tea polyphenols and intestinal microbiota[J]. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2022, 11(3): 494-501.
[53] Yan R N, Ho C T, Zhang X.Interaction between tea polyphenols and intestinal microbiota in host metabolic diseases from the perspective of the gut-brain axis[J]. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2020, 64(14): 2000187. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000187.
[54] Zhang Y T, Cheng L, Liu Y N, et al.The intestinal microbiota links tea polyphenols with the regulation of mood and sleep to improve immunity[J]. Food Reviews International, 2023, 39(3): 1485-1498.
[55] Sun Q Y, Cheng L, Zhang X, et al.The interaction between tea polyphenols and host intestinal microorganisms: an effective way to prevent psychiatric disorders[J]. Food & Function, 2021, 12(3): 952-962.
[56] Selma M V, Espin J C, Tomas-Barberan F A. Interaction between phenolics and gut microbiota: role in human health[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009, 57(15): 6485-6501.
[57] Kawabata K, Yoshioka Y, Terao J.Role of intestinal microbiota in the bioavailability and physiological functions of dietary polyphenols[J]. Molecules, 2019, 24(2): 370. doi: 10.3390/molecules24020370.
[58] Rowland I, Gibson G, Heinken A, et al.Gut microbiota functions: metabolism of nutrients and other food components[J]. European Journal of Nutrition, 2018, 57: 1-24.
[59] Chen H D, Sang S M.Biotransformation of tea polyphenols by gut microbiota[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2014, 7: 26-42.
[60] Guo J, Li K, Lin Y J, et al.Protective effects and molecular mechanisms of tea polyphenols on cardiovascular diseases[J]. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2023, 10: 1202378. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1202378.
[61] Shaukat H, Ali A, Zhang Y, et al.Tea polyphenols: extraction techniques and its potency as a nutraceutical[J]. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 2023, 7: 1175893. doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1175893.
[62] Yee Y K, Koo M W L. Anti-helicobacter pylori activity of Chinese tea: in vitro study[J]. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2000, 14(5): 635-638.
[63] Mhatre S, Srivastava T, Naik S, et al.Antiviral activity of green tea and black tea polyphenols in prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19: a review[J]. Phytomedicine, 2021, 85: 153286. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153286.
[64] Yang C S, Lambert J D, Sang S.Antioxidative and anti-carcinogenic activities of tea polyphenols[J]. Archives of Toxicology, 2009, 83: 11-21.
[65] Grzesik M, Naparło K, Bartosz G, et al.Antioxidant properties of catechins: comparison with other antioxidants[J]. Food Chemistry, 2018, 241: 480-492.
[66] Rice-evans C A, Miller N J, Bolwell P G, et al. The relative antioxidant activities of plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoids[J]. Free Radical Research, 1995, 22(4): 375-383.
[67] Benzie I F F, Szeto Y T. Total antioxidant capacity of teas by the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1999, 47(2): 633-636.
[68] Ouyang J, Zhu K, Liu Z H, et al.Prooxidant effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in health benefits and potential adverse effect[J]. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020, 2020(1): 9723686. doi: 10.1155/2020/9723686.
[69] Forester S C, Lambert J D.The role of antioxidant versus pro-oxidant effects of green tea polyphenols in cancer prevention[J]. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2011, 55(6): 844-854.
[70] 俞蓉欣, 郑芹芹, 陈红平, 等. 儿茶素生物医用纳米材料研究进展[J]. 茶叶科学, 2022, 42(4) : 447-462.
Yu R X, Zheng Q Q, Chen H P, et al.Recent advances in catechin biomedical nanomaterials[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2022, 42(4): 447-462.
[71] Peng H B, Yao F B, Zhao J X, et al.Unraveling mitochondria-targeting reactive oxygen species modulation and their implementations in cancer therapy by nanomaterials[J]//Exploration. 2023, 3(2): 20220115. doi: 10.1002/EXP.20220115.
[72] Cao Z Y, Liu J, Yang X Z.Deformable nanocarriers for enhanced drug delivery and cancer therapy[J]//Exploration. 2024, 4(5): 20230037. doi: 10.1002/EXP.20230037.
[73] 徐伟, 俞蓉欣, 张相春, 等. 多酚自组装抗菌生物材料的构建及其应用进展[J]. 茶叶科学, 2024, 44(1): 1-15.
Xu W, Yu R X, Zhang X C, et al.Construction of polyphenol self-assembly antibacterial biomaterials and progress in their applications[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2024, 44(1): 1-15.
[74] Lin X R, Chen Z Z, Zhang Y Y, et al.Comparative characterisation of green tea and black tea cream: physicochemical and phytochemical nature[J]. Food Chemistry, 2015, 173: 432-440.
[75] Zhu R Y, Chen Z, Lü H L, et al.Another thread to uncover the aging mystery of white tea: focusing on the natural nanoparticles in tea infusion[J]. Food Chemistry, 2023, 429: 136838. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136838.
[76] Han H, Ke L J, Xu W, et al.Incidental nanoparticles in black tea alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice[J]. Food & Function, 2023, 14(18): 8420-8430.
[77] Chen G C, Yi Z, Chen X Y, et al.Polyphenol nanoparticles from commonly consumed tea for scavenging free radicals, stabilizing pickering emulsions, and inhibiting cancer cells[J]. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2020, 4(1): 652-665.
[78] Wu X M, Wang Y J, Wang D X, et al.Formation of EGCG oxidation self-assembled nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity in vitro and hepatic REDOX regulation activity in vivo[J]. Food & Function, 2024, 15(4): 2181-2196.
[79] Hammad A M, Alzaghari L F, Alfaraj M, et al.Green tea polyphenol nanoparticles reduce anxiety caused by tobacco smoking withdrawal in rats by suppressing neuroinflammation[J]. Toxics, 2024, 12(8): 598. doi: 10.3390/toxics12080598.
[80] Ejima H, Richardson J J, Liang K, et al.One-step assembly of coordination complexes for versatile film and particle engineering[J]. Science, 2013, 341(6142): 154-157.
[81] Yu R X, Chen H P, He J, et al.Engineering antimicrobial metal-phenolic network nanoparticles with high biocompatibility for wound healing[J]. Advanced Materials, 2024, 36(6): 2307680. doi: 10.1002/adma.202307680.
[82] Wang H, Tang C, Xiang Y X, et al.Tea polyphenol-derived nanomedicine for targeted photothermal thrombolysis and inflammation suppression[J]. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 2024, 22(1): 146. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02446-z.
[83] Wu Z, Zhang P, Yue J, et al.Tea polyphenol nanoparticles enable targeted siRNA delivery and multi-bioactive therapy for abdominal aortic aneurysms[J]. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 2024, 22(1): 471. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02756-2.
[84] Guo X, Liu H Y, Hou RY, et al.Design strategies of polysaccharide, protein and lipid-based nano-delivery systems in improving the bioavailability of polyphenols and regulating gut homeostasis[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024: 137463. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137463.
文章导航

/