不同茶树品种（系）对减半施肥的响应研究

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2022.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对中茗6号、中茗192、中茗7号、望海茶1号和龙井43等5个茶树品种（系）,通过2年减半施肥与常规施肥的田间对比试验,研究减半施肥对茶树物候期、茶叶产量、茶叶品质的影响。结果表明,相对常规施肥,减半施肥对5个茶树品种（系）物候期影响较小;减半施肥下茶叶产量、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、茶氨酸含量降低,而茶多酚、酯型儿茶素、非酯型儿茶素含量和酚氨比升高,茶叶感官审评结果与内含成分变化相似。相对常规施肥,减半施肥下中茗6号、中茗7号、中茗192、望海茶1号和龙井43两年平均减产分别为4.19%、12.09%、2.13%、22.59%、3.29%;望海茶1号对减半施肥的响应明显,龙井43和中茗7号对减半施肥响应较显著,中茗6号和中茗192对减半施肥的响应较小。除望海茶1号产量显著下降外,各茶树品种（系）在两种施肥水平下的茶叶产量和品质整体差异不明显,一定程度说明减半施肥2年内不会显著影响茶园效益,研究结果为茶园减肥实施的同时稳定茶园效益提供初步理论支撑。

关键词: 茶树品种, 减半施肥, 茶叶产量, 茶叶品质

Abstract: In this study, a field experiment was conducted to compare five tea cultivars (strains) under half fertilization and conventional fertilization for two years. The response of half fertilization to tea sprouting period, yield and quality was studied. The results show that compared with the conventional fertilization, half fertilization had little effect on the sprouting period of five tea cultivars (strains). Under half fertilization, the tea yield, free amino acid, caffeine and theanine contents decreased, while the content of polyphenols, ester catechin, non-ester catechin and phenol-ammonia ratio increased. The sensory evaluation results were consistent with the chemical component changes in the tea. Compared with the conventional fertilization, the average yield reduction of Zhongming 6, Zhongming 7, Zhongming 192, Wanghai Tea 1 and Longjing 43 under half fertilization were 4.19%, 12.09%, 2.13%, 22.59% and 3.29% respectively. Under half fertilization, Wanghai Tea 1 had an obvious response, Longjing 43 and Zhongming 7 had relatively significant responses, and Zhongming 6 and Zhongming 192 had little response. Except the yield of Wanghai Tea 1 decreased significantly, the tea yield and quality show no obvious change in the rest tea cultivars (strains) under different fertilization treatments. To a certain extent, the results indicate that half fertilization would not significantly affect the benefit of tea gardens within 2 years. The results also provided a preliminary theoretical support for the implementation of weight loss and stability of tea garden benefits.

Key words: tea cultivars, half fertilization, tea yield, tea quality

中图分类号:

S571.1

疏再发, 郑生宏, 邵静娜, 周慧娟, 吉庆勇, 刘瑜, 何卫中, 王丽鸳. 不同茶树品种（系）对减半施肥的响应研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2022, 42(2): 277-289. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2022.02.009.

SHU Zaifa, ZHENG Shenghong, SHAO Jingna, ZHOU Huijuan, JI Qingyong, LIU Yu, HE Weizhong, WANG Liyuan. Responses of Different Tea Cultivars (Strains) to Half Fertilization[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2022, 42(2): 277-289. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2022.02.009.

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