潮州单丛茶区不同海拔瓢虫科昆虫群落结构与多样性

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了明确潮州单丛茶区天敌瓢虫的群落结构和物种多样性,对潮州市不同海拔的茶园开展瓢虫科物种多样性调查。采用比较形态学和生物多样性指数两种分析方法,从不同海拔茶园瓢虫科昆虫的物种组成、群落结构、优势种、相对多度以及群落多样性指数等方面进行分析,探讨潮州茶园中瓢虫群落与海拔间的关系。设置了茶园天敌瓢虫调查样点63个,共采集瓢虫标本1 132头,鉴定天敌瓢虫12族26属45种。结果显示,直钩方瓢虫（Sasajiscymnus kuriharai Kitano,2012）是潮州单丛茶区天敌瓢虫群落优势种,其相对多度达到50.80%。此外,不同海拔的天敌瓢虫群落多样性指数分析结果表明,低海拔茶园中天敌瓢虫群落多样性最为丰富,且具有较高的多样性指数（2.48）、丰富度指数（5.07）及均匀度指数（0.73）,而优势度指数最低（0.17）。这一结果表明潮州低海拔茶区内存在着较为丰富、分布均匀且具有平衡竞争关系的天敌瓢虫群落,从而使得该群落更加稳定。研究结果可为潮州单丛茶区害虫绿色防控以及茶园的生态保护提供理论依据。

关键词: 瓢虫, 群落结构, 多样性, 不同海拔

Abstract: In order to clarify the community composition and species diversity of ladybirds (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) in the Chaozhou Dancong tea region, the species diversity of the family Coccinellidae was investigated in tea gardens at different altitudes. This study used comparative morphology and biodiversity index analysis methods to analyze the species composition, community structure, dominant species, relative abundance, and community diversity index of ladybirds from tea gardens at different altitudes, aiming to explore the relationship between ladybird communities and altitudes in the Chaozhou tea regions. A total of 63 sampling sites were set up for the investigation of ladybirds as natural enemies in tea gardens, with a collection of 1 132 specimens identified into 45 species belonging to 26 genera in 12 tribes. The results show that Sasajiscymnus kuriharai Kitano, 2012 was the dominant species of ladybird community in the Chaozhou tea region, with a relative abundance reaching 50.80%. Furthermore, the analysis results of biodiversity indices of ladybird community at different altitudes reveal that the low-altitude tea gardens had the richest species diversity among these communities with higher values for diversity index (2.48), richness index (5.07) and evenness index (0.73), while having the lowest dominance index (0.17). These results suggest that there is a more stable ladybird community with rich species, even distribution and balanced competitive relationships exists in the low-altitude regions encompassing Chaozhou’s tea gardens. These findings provided a theoretical basis for green pest control and ecological conservation practices in the Chaozhou Dancong tea region.

Key words: ladybirds, community structure, diversity, different altitudes

中图分类号:

李再霖, 彭锋, 王兴民, 陈晓胜. 潮州单丛茶区不同海拔瓢虫科昆虫群落结构与多样性[J]. 茶叶科学, 2025, 45(1): 99-109. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.01.012.

LI Zailin, PENG Feng, WANG Xingmin, CHEN Xiaosheng. Community Composition and Diversity of Ladybirds (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) at Different Altitudes in Chaozhou Dancong Tea Regions[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2025, 45(1): 99-109. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.01.012.

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