森林转化为茶园及其管理对土壤碳、氮库的影响和调控机制初探

茶叶科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 234-252.

森林转化为茶园及其管理对土壤碳、氮库的影响和调控机制初探

黄福印^1,2, 张少博², 胡强², 罗莹², 董雅洁⁴, 张洁², 李鑫², 付建玉², 王华森^1,3,*, 颜鹏^2,*

1.浙江农林大学园艺科学学院,浙江杭州 311300;
2.中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,浙江杭州 310008;
3.浙江农林大学数学与计算机学院,浙江杭州 311300;
4.普洱学院,云南普洱 665000

收稿日期:2025-01-15 修回日期:2025-03-10 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-30
通讯作者: *whsych66@163.com;Yanpeng@tricaas.com
作者简介:黄福印,男,硕士研究生,主要从事茶园土壤固碳方面的研究。
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划（2022C02046）、浙江省三农九方科技合作项目（2024SNJF031）、中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（CAAS-ZDRW202417）

The Impacts and Regulatory Mechanisms of Forest Conversion to Tea Plantations and Their Management on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Pools

HUANG Fuyin^1,2, ZHANG Shaobo², HU Qiang², LUO Ying², DONG Yajie⁴, ZHANG Jie², LI Xin², FU Jianyu², WANG Huasen^1,3,*, YAN Peng^2,*

1. College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
2. Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China;
3. School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
4. Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China

Received:2025-01-15 Revised:2025-03-10 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确森林转化为茶园及其茶园管理对茶园土壤剖面的碳（C）、氮（N）组分的影响,并从土壤真菌微生物群落结构方面探索其调控机制,以森林土壤以及低、中、高3个不同施肥水平的茶园土壤为研究对象,分别采集0~10、10~20、20~40 cm和40~60 cm土层土壤,测定土壤碳、氮组分和其他养分含量以及真菌群落结构与组成。结果表明,与森林土壤相比,茶园管理显著提高0~10 cm土层土壤有机碳和总氮含量。高投入水平下茶园土壤全碳、总氮分别达到46.57 g·kg^-1和5.13 g·kg^-1,与低投入水平茶园相比,分别提高68.12%和88.60%。土地利用变化和茶园不同施肥水平则会显著改变真菌群落结构和组成,改变主要受到有效钾、有效磷、总氮等的调控。同时,随着土层深度加深,真菌丰富度不断下降。进一步分析发现,座囊菌纲（Dothideomycetes）和深黄伞形霉纲（Umbelopsidomycetes）与碳、氮组分呈显著正相关,被孢霉菌纲（Mortierellomycetes）、双担子菌纲（Geminibasidiomycetes）和毛霉菌亚门未定纲（Mucoromycotina_cls_Incertae_sedis）与土壤碳、氮组分呈显著负相关,这些种群相对丰度的变化对茶园土壤的碳、氮循环可能具有较强影响。因此,森林转化为茶园以及茶园不同施肥管理通过影响土壤真菌群落结构和优势种群丰度,从而影响土壤碳、氮积累。

关键词: 土地利用, 碳库, 氮库, 茶园, 肥料管理, 真菌微生物群落

Abstract: This study investigated how the conversion of forests to tea plantations and associated management practices affect the dynamics of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions across soil profiles in tea agroecosystems, with a focus on fungal community-mediated regulatory mechanisms. We compared forest soils with tea plantation soils under low-, medium-, and high-intensity fertilization regimes. Soil cores were systematically collected from four depth intervals (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm) to analyze vertical stratification of C/N fractions, nutrient stoichiometry, and fungal community composition. The results reveal that tea plantations management significantly enhanced soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in the 0-10 cm soil layer compared to forest soil. Under high-input conditions, total carbon and nitrogen reached 46.57 g·kg^-1 and 5.13 g·kg^-1, respectively, increasing by 68.12% and 88.60% compared to low-input tea plantations. Land-use conversion and fertilization intensity gradients in tea plantations significantly modified fungal community structure and composition, with these changes being mainly driven by soil nutrient availability, including available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and total nitrogen (TN). In addition, fungal richness demonstrates a progressive decline across soil depth gradients (0-60 cm). Further analyses reveals that Dothideomycetes and Umbelopsidiomycetes exhibited significant positive correlations with soil C and N fractions, whereas Mortierellomycetes, Geminibasidiomycetes and Mucoromycotina_cls_Incertae_sedis showed pronounced negative correlations. Variations in the relative abundance of these taxa may strongly influence carbon and nitrogen cycling in tea plantation soils. Therefore, the conversion of forests to tea plantations and different fertilization management practices regulate soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation by influencing the structure of soil fungal communities and the abundance of dominant taxa.

Key words: land use, carbon pool, nitrogen pool, tea plantation, fertilizer management, fungi microbial community

中图分类号:

黄福印, 张少博, 胡强, 罗莹, 董雅洁, 张洁, 李鑫, 付建玉, 王华森, 颜鹏. 森林转化为茶园及其管理对土壤碳、氮库的影响和调控机制初探[J]. 茶叶科学, 2025, 45(2): 234-252.

HUANG Fuyin, ZHANG Shaobo, HU Qiang, LUO Ying, DONG Yajie, ZHANG Jie, LI Xin, FU Jianyu, WANG Huasen, YAN Peng. The Impacts and Regulatory Mechanisms of Forest Conversion to Tea Plantations and Their Management on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Pools[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2025, 45(2): 234-252.

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