‘黄山群体种’地理迁移后绿茶生化成分变化及代谢组学研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 产地环境影响茶叶内含物质的积累,然而目前关于‘黄山群体种’茶树引种到山东地区后内含物质变化尚无系统研究。研究以安徽黄山原产地（YCD）及山东日照引种区（SD）的‘黄山群体种’绿茶样品为对象,分析两地茶样中主要生化成分差异;并进一步结合广泛靶向代谢组学技术鉴定差异代谢物,解析代谢通路。结果表明,SD茶样水溶性碳水化合物、总灰分、水溶性灰分、水浸出物含量及酯型儿茶素总量显著高于YCD;二者茶多酚、咖啡碱总量无差异;SD茶样天冬酰胺、谷氨酸、精氨酸含量占优,而YCD中茶氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、赖氨酸等更丰富。广泛靶向代谢组学技术从中鉴定出10大类共116种差异代谢物（上调73,下调43）,其中黄酮类数量最多且含量也最高。KEGG分析揭示了嘌呤代谢、苯丙氨酸代谢以及嘧啶代谢通路富集最显著,这3种代谢是造成两组茶样间差异的关键通路。本研究分析了‘黄山群体种’茶树引种到山东地区后所制绿茶内含物质的变化及与原产地绿茶间的品质差异,可为茶树引种栽培及山东地区绿茶产品风味品质调控提供依据。

关键词: 绿茶, 黄山群体种, 高纬度引种, 内含物质, 代谢组学

Abstract: The growing environment significantly influences the accumulation of chemical compounds in tea plants. However, systematic studies on the changes in chemical composition after translocating the tea cultivar ‘Huangshanzhong’ to the high-latitude Shandong region remain scarce. This study investigated the green tea samples of Camellia sinensis cv. Huangshanzhong from two regions: the native origin (YCD, Huangshan, Anhui) and a transplanted region (SD, Rizhao, Shandong). Differences in the content levels of the chemical components were analyzed. Additionally, widely-targeted metabolomics techniques were employed to identify differential metabolites and elucidate core metabolic pathways. The results demonstrate that SD samples exhibited significantly higher levels of water-soluble carbohydrates, total ash, water-soluble ash, water extract content and total galloylated catechins than YCD. While the total polyphenols and caffeine showed no inter-regional difference. SD accumulated more asparagine, glutamate, and arginine, whereas YCD was richer in flavor-related amino acids, such as theanine, GABA, lysine. Metabolomics analysis identified 116 differential metabolites (73 upregulated, 43 downregulated), with flavonoids exhibiting the highest abundance and diversity among them. KEGG enrichment analysis further revealed that the purine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism pathways were the most significantly enriched pathways, contributing most to the differences between the SD and YCD samples. This study provided a systematic comparison of chemical components in green tea from cv. ‘Huangshanzhong’ after high-latitude transplantation versus the original cultivation, offering scientific insights into tea cultivar adaptation and flavor quality optimization.

Key words: green tea, Camellia sinensis cv. Huangshanzhong, high-latitude transplantation, chemical components, metabolomics

中图分类号:

王梦琪, 宋大鹏, 尹洪旭, 周超, 房峰祥, 李纪艳, 于洁, 张娜, 丁仕波. ‘黄山群体种’地理迁移后绿茶生化成分变化及代谢组学研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2025, 45(6): 957-970.

WANG Mengqi, SONG Dapeng, YIN Hongxu, ZHOU Chao, FANG Fengxiang, LI Jiyan, YU Jie, ZHANG Na, DING Shibo. Effect of Geographical Translocation on the Chemical Composition and Metabolome of Green Tea from Camellia sinensis cv. Huangshanzhong[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2025, 45(6): 957-970.

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