天然矿物对茶园土壤中铅的固定作用

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2008.02.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茶园土壤中铅的生物有效性直接影响茶叶中铅的积累。为了解外加天然矿物对土壤中铅的固定作用,本文比较研究了4种矿物（高岭石、膨润土、沸石和磷灰石）在不同加入量和不同磨细程度条件下对土壤交换态铅和水溶性铅的影响。结果表明,加入矿物改良剂对土壤有效态铅（交换态铅和水溶性铅）有明显的降低作用,其效果与矿物类型、矿物加入量及加入矿物的磨细程度等有关。矿物对土壤有效铅的降低作用是：磷灰石>沸石>膨润土>高岭石。过100目处理矿物对土壤中铅的固定效果高于过18目处理的矿物。加入矿物对土壤水溶性铅的降低作用明显高于对交换态Pb的作用。结果认为,用天然矿物来改良铅污染茶园土壤、降低土壤有效铅是可行的。当土壤铅污染水平较低时,加入矿物量为20 g/kg已能达到改良效果。

关键词: 茶园土壤, 铅污染, 矿物, 改良, 有效性

Abstract: The soluble and exchangeable fractions of Pb in the tea garden soils are the most important pools regarding toxicity and bioavailability of Pb to tea plants. Thus, it is very important to reduce Pb solubility and bioavailability in Pb-contaminated tea garden soils. Reducing Pb solubility and bioavailability in contaminated area without removing it from the soil is one of the common practices in decreasing the negative impacts on the crops and improving the soil quality. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the effect of natural minerals: kaolinite, bentonite, zeolite,and apatite applied to Pb-contaminated tea garden soil on water extractable and exchangeable forms of Pb. A soil derived from Pb contaminated tea garden was incubated with clay minerals of either kaolinite, bentonite, zeolite,or apatite, for 100 d. During the incubation experiment, concentrations of exchangeable and water soluble Pb in the soils were measured. Water extractable and exchangeable forms of Pb were changed by incubation and addition of minerals. The addition of clay minerals led to a significant decrease in water soluble and exchangeable forms of soil Pb during the incubation experiment, resulting in low Pb extractability. The reduction in Pb extractability decreased in the order of apatite > zeolite > bentonite> kaolinite, and increased with increasing applied amount of the minerals and decreasing size of the minerals. The reduction in water soluble Pb due to the addition of the minerals was greater than that of exchangeable Pb in the soils. Our results clearly show that the use of natural minerals, especially of apatite and zeolite, is promising tool for reduction the availability and possible toxicity of Pb in Pb-contaminated tea garden soils. Therefore, the soils polluted with Pb may be ameliorated by addition of clay minerals, especially apatite and zeolite. Recommended amount of minerals for ameliorating Pb-contaminated soil is 20 g/kg.

Key words: tea garden soils, Pb pollution, natural minerals, amelioration, availability

中图分类号:

王浩, 章明奎. 天然矿物对茶园土壤中铅的固定作用[J]. 茶叶科学, 2008, 28(2): 129-134. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2008.02.011.

WANG Hao, ZHANG Ming-kui. Effect of Natural Minerals on Immobilization of Lead in Soils of Tea Garden[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2008, 28(2): 129-134. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2008.02.011.

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