温度对灰茶尺蠖幼虫龄期数量的影响

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 灰茶尺蠖（Ectropis grisescens）是茶园重要害虫,每年发生代数较多,对茶树为害频繁,而目前关于其幼虫龄数的划分仍存在分歧。为探明灰茶尺蠖幼虫的龄期数量及其受温度的影响,采用光照培养箱设置了5个温度（21、23、25、27、29 ℃）,通过单头饲养观察测定了不同温度下灰茶尺蠖幼虫的龄期数量,并比较了不同龄数种群在发育历期、蛹重和雌雄性比等参数的差异。结果显示,在21、23、25、27、29 ℃等5个温度条件下饲养的灰茶尺蠖幼虫,均出现龄数为4（蜕皮3次,简称4龄虫）和龄数为5（蜕皮4次,简称5龄虫）2种龄数。在21、23 ℃条件下,5龄虫和4龄虫的占比相当;当温度升高至25 ℃及以上时,5龄虫的占比显著高于4龄虫,达67.4%~78.6%。温度对5龄虫和4龄虫的发育历期、蛹重有显著影响,但对雌雄性比的影响不显著。在同一温度下,5龄虫较4龄虫幼虫历期延长,蛹重增加,雌雄性比显著提高。研究结果表明,灰茶尺蠖幼虫龄期数量受温度调控,温度升高则5龄虫的比例增高。这可能是灰茶尺蠖应对不利环境的一种生存策略。

关键词: 灰茶尺蠖, 龄数, 温度, 历期, 蛹重, 性比

Abstract: Ectropis grisescens is one of the most harmful pests in tea plantations, characterized by its frequent annual occurrences and considerable damage. The understanding of the larval instar number remains still elusive. To clarify the relationship between the larval instars of Ectropis grisescens and temperature, the differences in larval instar and the fertility indexes including developmental duration, pupal weight and sex ratio of different larval instar populations were measured at five different temperatures ( 21, 23, 25, 27, 29 ℃) in the climate incubators. The results show that the E. grisescens were 4 (molting 3 times, referred to as the 4th instar) or 5 (molting 4 times, referred to as the 5th instar) larval instars at each temperature from 21 ℃ to 29 ℃. At 21 ℃ and 23 ℃, there was no significant differences between the proportion of 5th instar and 4th instar. When the temperature exceeded 25 ℃, the proportion of 5th instar was significantly higher than that of 4th instar, reaching 67.4%-78.6%. Temperature had a significant effect on the developmental duration, pupal weight of the 5th and 4th instars, but had no significant effect on the sex ratio of male and female. At the same temperature, the larval period of the 5th instar was longer than the 4th instar, the pupal weight increased, and the sex ratio increased significantly. This study indicates that the larval instars of E. grisescens were 4 or 5, and the proportion of 5th instar larvae increased with the increase of temperature. This may be a survival strategy of E. grisescens to deal with adverse environment.

Key words: Ectropis grisescens, instar number, temperature, developmental duration, pupal weight, sex ratio

中图分类号:

唐美君, 李红, 张欣欣, 姜洪新, 王志博, 郭华伟, 肖强. 温度对灰茶尺蠖幼虫龄期数量的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 2025, 45(1): 79-86. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.01.008.

TANG Meijun, LI Hong, ZHANG Xinxin, JIANG Hongxin, WANG Zhibo, GUO Huawei, XIAO Qiang. Determination of the Larval Instar Numbers of the Ectropis grisescens at Different Temperatures[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2025, 45(1): 79-86. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.01.008.

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