柚和茶树上柑橘始叶螨线粒体基因组特征及叶螨科系统发育分析

陈世春; 江宏燕; 廖姝然; 陈亭旭; 王晓庆

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.06.008

PDF(2483 KB)

茶叶科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6) : 1021-1035. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.06.008

研究报告

柚和茶树上柑橘始叶螨线粒体基因组特征及叶螨科系统发育分析

陈世春, 江宏燕, 廖姝然, 陈亭旭, 王晓庆^*

作者信息 +

Mitochondrial Genome Characteristics and Phylogenetic Analysis of Eotetranychus kankitus on Pomelo and Tea Plants

CHEN Shichun, JIANG Hongyan, LIAO Shuran, CHEN Tingxu, WANG Xiaoqing^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

柑橘始叶螨（Eotetranychus kankitus Ehara）是一种危害多种作物的农业害螨,开展线粒体基因组的测定分析可明确其线粒体基因组结构特点,以及叶螨科物种的系统发育关系。通过PCR扩增、测序、组装和注释后获得柚和茶树上柑橘始叶螨的线粒体基因组序列,利用最大似然法和贝叶斯法构建了基于13个蛋白质编码基因（Protein coding gene,PCG）和2个核糖体RNA（Ribosomal RNA,rRNA）基因序列的叶螨科系统发育树。结果显示,柚和茶树上的柑橘始叶螨线粒体基因组大小均为13 032 bp,GenBank登录号分别为OQ955767和OQ955768,均包括13个PCG、2个rRNA基因、22个转运RNA（Transfer RNA,tRNA）基因和1个40 bp的控制区,基因排列完全一致,序列相似率较高,全基因组和各区域的碱基组成数值均较为接近。系统发育和遗传距离分析显示,两种寄主上的柑橘始叶螨在系统发育树上聚为一枝,两者之间遗传距离为0.068 0,远小于各自与叶螨科内其他物种之间的遗传距离。柑橘始叶螨在遗传距离和系统发育树上均与全爪螨属（Panonychus）物种存在较近的亲缘关系。研究通过线粒体基因组分析明确了柚和茶树上的柑橘始叶螨分化程度较低,寄主间转移风险较高,建议已有柑橘始叶螨发生以及周边有柑橘作物的茶园应加强田间监测工作。

Abstract

Eotetranychus kankitus is an agricultural pest mite that damages many crops. Conducting mitochondrial genome analysis can clarify its structural characteristics and the phylogenetic relationships among species in the family of Tetranychidae species. The mitochondrial genome sequences of E. kankitus on pomelo and tea plants were obtained by PCR amplification, sequencing, assembly and annotation. The phylogenetic tree of Tetranychidae was constructed based on 13 protein-coding genes and 2 rRNA gene sequences by maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The mitochondrial genomes of E. kankitus on pomelo and tea plants were both in size of 13 032 bp, with GenBank accession numbers OQ955767 and OQ955768, respectively. Both the two mitochondrial genomes included 13 protein coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and a 40 bp control region, with a consistent gene arrangement. The sequence similarity rate of the two mitochondrial genomes was high, and base composition values of the whole genome and each region were close. E. kankitus on both hosts clustered into one branch in the phylogenetic tree, and the genetic distance between them was 0.068 0, which was much smaller than that between E. kankitus and other mites in Tetranychidae. A close relationship was showed between E. kankitus and Panonychus species in both genetic distance and phylogenetic analysis. According to analyses of mitochondrial genomes, the differentiation degree of E. kankitus on pomelo and tea plants was low, and the risk of transference between the two hosts was high. It is recommended that tea gardens with E. kankitus and surrounding citrus crops should strengthen field monitoring work.

导出引用

陈世春, 江宏燕, 廖姝然, 陈亭旭, 王晓庆. 柚和茶树上柑橘始叶螨线粒体基因组特征及叶螨科系统发育分析[J]. 茶叶科学. 2025, 45(6): 1021-1035 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.06.008

CHEN Shichun, JIANG Hongyan, LIAO Shuran, CHEN Tingxu, WANG Xiaoqing. Mitochondrial Genome Characteristics and Phylogenetic Analysis of Eotetranychus kankitus on Pomelo and Tea Plants[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2025, 45(6): 1021-1035 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2025.06.008

中图分类号： S571.1 S435.711

参考文献

[1] Li Y Y, Liu M X, Zhou H W, et al.Evaluation of Neoseiulus barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) for control of Eotetranychus kankitus (Acari: Tetranychidae)[J]. Journal of Economic Entomology, 2017, 110(3): 903-914.
[2] 王晓庆, 冉烈, 彭萍, 等. 茶树新害螨——柑橘始叶螨研究[J]. 西南农业学报, 2014, 27(6): 2423-2427.
Wang X Q, Ran L, Peng P, et al.Study on novel tea plant pest mite, Eotetranychus kankitus (Ehara)[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 27(6): 2423-2427.
[3] 胡翔, 陈世春, 李品武, 等. 茶园中柑橘始叶螨及其天敌的发生特点[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(13): 155-158.
Hu X, Chen S C, Li P W, et al.Eotetranychus kankitus (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its natural enemies: the occurrence characteristics in tea plantation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2018, 34(13): 155-158.
[4] 孟泽洪, 李帅, 王晓庆, 等. 柑橘始叶螨在贵州茶园的发生为害初报[J]. 贵茶, 2023(1): 32-36.
Meng Z H, Li S, Wang X Q, et al. Identification of Eotetranychus kankitus Ehara, 1955 and preliminary report on their occurrence and damage in tea garden of Guizhou[J]. Journal of Guizhou Tea, 2023(1): 32-36.
[5] 王迎春, 李兰英, 尧渝, 等. 四川雅安茶园主要害螨发生动态[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2023, 43(4): 35-39, 43.
Wang Y C, Li L Y, Yao Y, et al.Investigation on dynamics of main mite pests in tea gardens of Ya'an, Sichuan Province[J]. China Plant Protection, 2023, 43(4): 35-39, 43.
[6] 陈世春, 江宏燕, 王晓庆. 5种药剂对茶园柑橘始叶螨的田间防治效果[J]. 茶叶学报, 2023, 64(2): 60-64.
Chen S C, Jiang H Y, Wang X Q.Efficacies of five pesticides on controlling Eotetranychus kankitus Ehara at tea plantation[J]. Acta Tea Sinica, 2023, 64(2): 60-64.
[7] 李迎洁, 王梓英, 张国豪, 等. 温度对柑橘始叶螨实验种群生长发育繁殖的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(4): 862-868.
Li Y J, Wang Z Y, Zhang G H, et al.Effects of different temperatures on the growth and development of Eotetranychus kankitus (Ehara)[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34(4): 862-868.
[8] Gissi C, Iannelli F, Pesole G.Evolution of the mitochondrial genome of Metazoa as exemplified by comparison of congeneric species[J]. Heredity, 2008, 101(4): 301-320.
[9] Simon C, Buckley T R, Frati F, et al.Incorporating molecular evolution into phylogenetic analysis, and a new compilation of conserved polymerase chain reaction primers for animal mitochondrial DNA[J]. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 2006, 37: 545-579.
[10] 陈世春, 江宏燕, 廖姝然, 等. 基于COI基因解析我国茶网蝽种群遗传多样性和遗传结构[J]. 茶叶科学, 2023, 43(6): 795-805.
Chen S C, Jiang H Y, Liao S R, et al.Analysis of genetic diversity and genetic structure in geographic populations of Stephanitis chinensis from China based on mitochondrial DNA COI sequence[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2023, 43(6): 795-805.
[11] 林兴雨, 宋南. Atteva charopis的比较线粒体基因组研究及系统发育分析[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(12): 300-310.
Lin X Y, Song N.Comparative mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of Atteva charopis Turner, 1903[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(12): 300-310.
[12] 江宏燕, 陈世春, 廖姝然, 等. 曙厉蝽和益蝽线粒体基因组全序列特征及系统发育分析[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(1): 312-323.
Jiang H Y, Chen S C, Liao S R, et al.The complete sequences and phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genomes in Eocanthecona concinna and Picromerus lewisi[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(1): 312-323.
[13] 张丹丽, 陈小艳, 袁娟娟, 等. 两种榈蝽的线粒体全基因组测序及榈蝽科系统发育地位分析[J]. 昆虫学报, 2024, 67(10): 1416-1427.
Zhang D L, Chen X Y, Yuan J J, et al.Sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genomes of two palm bugs and analysis of the phylogenetic position of Thaumastocoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2024, 67(10): 1416-1427.
[14] 朱登辉, 程欢, 卢丰, 等. 硬皮肿腿蜂属线粒体基因组特征及系统发育位置研究[J]. 昆虫学报, 2025, 68(2): 231-242.
Zhu D H, Cheng H, Lu F, et al.Mitochondrial genome characteristics and phylogenetic position of the genus Sclerodermus (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2025, 68(2): 231-242.
[15] Wei D D, Shao R, Yuan M L, et al.The multipartite mitochondrial genome of Liposcelis bostrychophila: insights into the evolution of mitochondrial genomes in bilateral animals[J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(3): e33973. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033973.
[16] Chen S C, Wei D D, Shao R, et al.The complete mitochondrial genome of the booklouse, Liposcelis decolor: insights into gene arrangement and genome organization within the genus Liposcelis[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(3): e91902. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091902.
[17] Chen S C, Wei D D, Shao R, et al.Evolution of multipartite mitochondrial genomes in the booklice of the genus Liposcelis (Psocoptera)[J]. BMC Genomics, 2014, 15(1): 861. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-861.
[18] Dickey A M, Kumar V, Morgan J K, et al.A novel mitochondrial genome architecture in thrips (Insecta: Thysanoptera): extreme size asymmetry among chromosomes and possible recent control region duplication[J]. BMC Genomics, 2015, 16(1): 439. doi: 10.1186/s12864-015-1672-4.
[19] Mu Y L, Zhang C H, Zhang Y J, et al.Characterizing the complete mitochondrial genome of Arma custos and Picromerus lewisi (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) and conducting phylogenetic analysis[J]. Journal of Insect Science, 2022, 22(1): 10. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab105.
[20] Van Leeuwen T, Vanholme B, Van Pottelberge S, et al.Mitochondrial heteroplasmy and the evolution of insecticide resistance: non-Mendelian inheritance in action[J]. PNAS, 2008, 105(16): 5980-5985.
[21] Razuvaeva A V, Ulyanova E G, Skolotneva E S, et al.Species identification of spider mites (Tetranychidae: Tetranychinae): a review of methods[J]. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii, 2023, 27(3): 240-249.
[22] Yuan M L, Wei D D, Wang B J, et al.The complete mitochondrial genome of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae): high genome rearrangement and extremely truncated tRNAs[J]. BMC Genomics, 2010, 11(1): 597. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-597.
[23] 陈大嵩, 戴建青. 山楂叶螨线粒体基因组的特征与系统发育与分析[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2018, 40(5): 1087-1096.
Chen D S, Dai J Q.Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome of hawthorn spider mite[J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2018, 40(5): 1087-1096.
[24] Tian W J, Yi T C, Jin D C, et al.Complete mitochondrial genome of Stigmaeopsis miscanthi (Acari: Tetranychidae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA B Resources, 2022, 7(5): 836-837.
[25] Chen D S, Jin P Y, Hong X Y.The complete mitochondrial genome of Tetranychus truncatus Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part A, 2016, 27(2): 1480-1481.
[26] Chen D S, Jin P Y, Zhang K J, et al.The complete mitochondrial genomes of six species of Tetranychus provide insights into the phylogeny and evolution of spider mites[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(10): e110625. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110625.
[27] Sun J T, Lin J H, Zhang Q, et al.The mitochondrial genome of the red tomato spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its implications for phylogenetic analysis[J]. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 2019, 24(9): 1724-1735.
[28] Li J, Guo J J, Jin D C.Ontogenetic development and redescription of Eotetranychus kankitus (Acariformes: Tetranychidae)[J]. Zootaxa, 2018, 4540(1): 132-157.
[29] Bernt M, Donath A, Juhling F, et al.MITOS: improved de novo metazoan mitochondrial genome annotation[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2013, 69(2): 313-319.
[30] Laslett D, Canback B.ARWEN: a program to detect tRNA genes in metazoan mitochondrial nucleotide sequences[J]. Bioinformatics, 2008, 24(2): 172-175.
[31] Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K.MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2016, 33(7): 1870-1874.
[32] Xia X.DAMBE7: new and improved tools for data analysis in molecular biology and evolution[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2018, 35(6): 1550-1552.
[33] Grant J R, Enns E, Marinier E, et al.Proksee: in-depth characterization and visualization of bacterial genomes[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2023, 51(W1): W484-W492.
[34] Xue X F, Deng W, Qu S X, et al.The mitochondrial genomes of sarcoptiform mites: are any transfer RNA genes really lost?[J]. BMC Genomics, 2018, 19(1): 466. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-4868-6.
[35] Zhang D, Gao F L, Jakovlic I, et al.PhyloSuite: an integrated and scalable desktop platform for streamlined molecular sequence data management and evolutionary phylogenetics studies[J]. Molecular Ecology Resources, 2020, 20(1): 348-355.
[36] Xiang C Y, Gao F, Jakovlić I, et al.Using PhyloSuite for molecular phylogeny and tree-based analyses[J]. Imeta, 2023, 2(1): e87. doi: 10.1002/imt2.87.
[37] Katoh K, Misawa K, Kuma K, et al.MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2002, 30(14): 3059-3066.
[38] Katoh K, Standley D M.MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2013, 30(4): 772-780.
[39] Ranwez V, Douzery E J P, Cambon C, et al. MACSE v2: Toolkit for the alignment of coding sequences accounting for frameshifts and stop codons[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2018, 35(10): 2582-2584.
[40] Ranwez V, Harispe S, Delsuc F, et al.MACSE: multiple alignment of coding sequences accounting for frameshifts and stop codons[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(9): e22594. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022594.
[41] Castresana J.Selection of conserved blocks from multiple alignments for their use in phylogenetic analysis[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2000, 17(4): 540-552.
[42] Talavera G, Castresana J.Improvement of phylogenies after removing divergent and ambiguously aligned blocks from protein sequence alignments[J]. Systematic Biology, 2007, 56(4): 564-577.
[43] Kalyaanamoorthy S, Minh B Q, Wong T K F, et al. ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates[J]. Nature Methods, 2017, 14(6): 587-589.
[44] Nguyen L T, Schmidt H A, Von Haeseler A, et al.IQ-TREE: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2015, 32(1): 268-274.
[45] Minh B Q, Schmidt H A, Chernomor O, et al.IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2020, 37(5): 1530-1534.
[46] Hoang D T, Chernomor O, Von Haeseler A, et al.UFBoot2: improving the ultrafast bootstrap approximation[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2018, 35(2): 518-522.
[47] Ronquist F, Teslenko M, Van der Mark P, et al. MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space[J]. Systematic Biology, 2012, 61(3): 539-542.
[48] Huelsenbeck J P, Ronquist F, Nielsen R, et al.Bayesian inference of phylogeny and its impact on evolutionary biology[J]. Science, 2001, 294(5550): 2310-2314.
[49] Letunic I, Bork P.Interactive tree of life (iTOL) v5: an online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2021, 49(W1): W293-W296.
[50] 任爱, 赵凯, 刘军侠, 等. 昆虫不同寄主种群遗传分化及其生理适应机制研究进展[J]. 河北林果研究, 2013, 28(3): 254-258.
Ren A, Zhao K, Liu J X, et al.Research advance on genetic diversity and host population differentiation of insects[J]. Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research, 2013, 28(3): 254-258.
[51] Kanmiya K, Ueda S, Kasai A, et al.Proposal of new specific status for tea-infesting populations of the nominal citrus spiny whitefly Aleurocanthus spiniferus(Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)[J]. Zootaxa, 2011(2797): 25-44. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.2797.1.3.
[52] Chen Z M, Luo Z X.Management of insect pests on tea plantations: safety, sustainability, and efficiency[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2025, 70(1): 359-377.
[53] Chen Z T, Mu L X, Wang J R, et al.Complete mitochondrial genome of the citrus spiny whitefly Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): implications for the phylogeny of whiteflies[J]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(8): e0161385. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161385.
[54] Chen S C, Wang X Q, Li P W, et al.The complete mitochondrial genome of Aleurocanthus camelliae: insights into gene arrangement and genome organization within the family Aleyrodidae[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2016, 17(11): 1843. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111843.
[55] 马琳, 王道通, 任麒麟, 等. 草地贪夜蛾寄主型分化及其形成机制研究进展[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2023, 60(4): 1027-1038.
Ma L, Wang D T, Ren Q L, et al.Advances in research on host strain formation, and differentiation, in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 2023, 60(4): 1027-1038.
[56] Satar S, Kersting U, Yokomi R.Presence of two host races of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) collected in Turkey[J]. Annals of Applied Biology, 2013, 162(1): 41-49.
[57] Niu R C, Gao X K, Luo J Y, et al.Mitochondrial genome of Aphis gossypii Glover cucumber biotype (Hemiptera: Aphididae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2021, 6(3): 922-924.
[58] Khalaf L, Timm A, Chuang W P, et al.Modeling Aceria tosichella biotype distribution over geographic space and time[J]. PLoS One, 2020, 15(5): e0233507. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233507.