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茶叶科学 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 212-218.doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2004.03.012

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渥堆过程中主要微生物对云南普洱茶品质形成的研究

周红杰1, 李家华1, 赵龙飞1, 韩俊1, 杨行吉2, 杨伟2, 吴新庄3   

  1. 1. 云南农业大学茶学系,云南 昆明,650201;
    2. 昆明西山顺德茶厂,云南 昆明,650118;
    3. 保山良种场,云南 保山,678000
  • 出版日期:2004-09-25 发布日期:2019-09-16
  • 作者简介:周红杰(1962-),男,云南鹤庆人,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事茶业综合利用和茶文化学教学及研究工作
  • 基金资助:
    云南省自然科学基金重点项目(2003C0007Z)和省教育厅资助项目(02ZY041)

Study on Main Microbes on Quality Formation of Yunnan Puer Tea during Pile-fermentation Process

ZHOU Hong-jie1, LI Jia-hua1, ZHAO Long-fei1, Han Jun1, YANG Xing-ji2, YANG Wei2, WU Xin-zhuang3   

  1. 1. Department of Tea Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
    2. Shunde Tea Factory of Kunming West-mountain, Kunming 650118, China;
    3. Tea Breeding Institute of Baoshan, Baoshan 678000, China
  • Online:2004-09-25 Published:2019-09-16

摘要: 对云南普洱茶渥堆过程中的微生物研究表明:主要微生物有黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、青霉属(Penicllium)、根霉属(Rhizopus)、灰绿曲霉(Aspergillus gloucus)、酵母属(Saccharomyces)、土生曲霉(Aspergillus terreus)、白曲霉(Aspergillus candidus)、细菌类(Bacterium)。其中黑曲霉最多,它能产生葡萄糖淀粉酶、果胶酶、纤维素酶等;酵母次之,除它本身含有极丰富的对人体有益的营养物质、丰富的酶系统和生理活性物质外,酵母菌还能代谢产生维生素B1、B2、、维生素C[1]等物质。这些微生物对普洱茶品质形成都直接或间接地起作用。

关键词: 云南普洱茶, 渥堆, 微生物, 品质

Abstract: The investigation on microbes during the pile-fermentation process of Yunnan puer tea shows that the main microbes are Aspergillus niger, Penicllium, Rhizopus, Aspergillus gloucus, Saccharomyces, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus candidus, Bacterium etc. The number of Aspergillus niger is the most among them, and it produce glucoamylase, pectinase, cellulase ect. The next is Saccharomyces. Besides it possesses rich nutrition which is helpful to human heath, enzymatic system, physiologicial active substances, the yeast can produce vitamin B1, B2 and C etc. These microbes play direct and indirect roles on quality formation of puer tea.

Key words: Yunnan puer tea, Pile-fermentation, Microbe, Quality

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