千家寨不同海拔野生茶树的EST-SSR遗传多样性研究

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2015.04.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用5对EST-SSR引物对千家寨内7个海拔梯度的野生茶树居群进行遗传多样性和遗传结构的研究。在物种水平上,Shannon信息指数（I）和Nei基因多样性（He）分别为1.33和0.66,表现出很高的遗传多样性;千家寨不同海拔梯度上野生茶树居群的遗传多样性有差异,且随着海拔梯度的递增,居群的遗传多样性呈现出低—高—低的分布,并在海拔2β100βm处达到最大值;野生茶树居群间的基因流（N_m）为1.84,群体分化系数（F_st）为0.12,且基于AMOVA软件分析结果显示有16.32%的变异发生在居群间,表明野生茶树群体间属于中度分化,且大部分变异存在于居群内。野生茶树本身的遗传特性和不同海拔居群所处生境的异质性是其现有遗传格局的主要原因。

关键词: 野生茶树, 海拔梯度, 遗传多样性, 遗传分化, EST-SSR

Abstract: 5 pairs of EST-SSR markers derived by the authors were used to study genetic diversity and genetic structure of 7 wild tea populations at different altitudes in Qianjiazhai. At the species level, Shannon information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (He) were 1.33 and 0.66, respectively, indicating this species has high genetic diversity at species level. Along altitudinal gradients, the genetic diversity among population of wild tea was different and showed low-high-low distribution. The genetic diversity of population at altitude 2β100βm was much higher than others populations. AMOVA analysis showed that only 16.32% of the total genetic variation occurred among populations, whereas 83.68% of the variance was within populations, which was in line with the coefficient of genetic differentiation (F_st = 0.12). And the gene flow N_m was 1.84, indicating the genetic diversity between wild ancient population in was characterized by the moderate level. The genetic characteristics of wild tea and the habitat heterogeneity in different elevation are the main reason of existing genetic pattern.

Key words: wild tea, altitude, genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, EST-SSR

中图分类号:

S571.1
S339

黄晓霞, 唐探, 姜永雷, 冯程程, 程小毛. 千家寨不同海拔野生茶树的EST-SSR遗传多样性研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2015, 35(4): 347-353. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2015.04.006.

HUANG Xiaoxia, TANG Tan, JIANG Yonglei, FENG Chengcheng, CHENG Xiaomao. Genetic Diversity of Wild Tea Plant in Different Altitude in Qianjiazhai[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2015, 35(4): 347-353. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2015.04.006.

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