茶汤中铝的浓度、形态和生物可给性

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2004.03.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茶树是典型的聚铝植物之一,茶是广泛使用的饮料,因而饮茶是人体摄入铝的主要途径。本文综合分析了关于茶叶中铝的浓度、化学形态和生物可给性的实验研究成果,发现一般情况下茶汤中铝浓度范围为1~6βmg/L,其中大约有90%以上的铝以有机形态存在。茶汤中铝的形态分布是不断变化的,没有固定的存在形式。大量实验证明,茶水中可能存在的主要铝形态有铝的多元酚配合物、铝的草酸盐、铝的氟化物、Al³⁺和它的水解产物等。饮茶会适度的增加尿中铝的含量,但是茶叶中存在的铝似乎并不比其它饮食资源中所含铝具有更大的生物可给性,但也不能排除茶水中可能含有像铝麦芽酚这样一些具有一定生物可给性和毒害神经性的铝形态。

关键词: 茶汤, 铝形态, 生物可给性

Abstract: Tea is one of the typical Al-accumulating plants. Tea infusion is a widely consumed beverage, so tea drinking is the major source of dietary Al intake. This paper reviews published studies on the concentration, form and bioavailability of Al in tea infusion. In general, the total concentration of Al in tea infusions is in the range 1~6βmg/L, probably more than 90% of this Al is organic form. The distribution of Al form in infusion is changeable with time. Investigations indicated that the main forms existed in tea infusion included polyphenolic complexes, Al oxalate, Al fluoride, Al³⁺ and its hydrolysate etc. Tea drinking could moderately increase the Al excretion in urine, however, it does not seem that the Al present in tea is much more bioavailable than that from other dietary sources. At the same time, it also cannot be dismissed that tea infusions may contain particularly some bioavailable and neurotoxic compounds such as Al maltolate.

Key words: Tea infusion, Al form, Bioavailability

中图分类号:

TS272

罗明标, 刘艳, 张国庆, 张鸿雁. 茶汤中铝的浓度、形态和生物可给性[J]. 茶叶科学, 2004, 24(3): 153-158. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2004.03.002.

LUO Ming-biao, LIU Yan, ZHANG Guo-qing, ZHANG Hong-yan. Aluminum in Tea Infusions–Concentration, Form and Bioavailability[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2004, 24(3): 153-158. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2004.03.002.

参考文献 50

[1]	T. Watanabe, M. Osaki, T. Yoshihara, et al. Distribution and chemical speciation of aluminum in the Al accumulator plant, Melastoma malabathricum L[J]. Plant and Soil, 1998, 201(2):165-167.
[2]	Muller M, Anke M, IllingGunther H. Availability of aluminium from tea and coffee[J]. Zeitschrift Fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung A-food Research and Technology, 1997, 205(2): 170-173.
[3]	Odegard KE, Lund W.Multi-element speciation of tea infusion using cation-exchange separation and size-exclusion chromatography in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 1997, 12 , 403.
[4]	Githua M, Gathu N.AAS determination of aluminium levels in tea and other plants grown in the same locality[J]. J. Environ. Sci, Health, 1995,30(6) : 1145~1154.
[5]	Vonuexkull HR, Mutert E. Global Extent, Development and Economic-Impact of Acid Soils[J]. Plant and Soil, 1995, 171(1): 1-15.
[6]	Konishi S.Promotive Effects of Aluminum on Tea Plant-Growth[J]. Jarq-Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 1992, 26(1): 26-33.
[7]	http://www.intteacomm.co.uk/.
[8]	Harbowy ME, Balentine DA.Tea chemistry[J]. Critical Reviews In Plant Sciences, 1997, 16(5): 415-480.
[9]	Ysart G, Miller P, Croasdale M, et al. 1997 UK Total Diet Study - dietary exposures to aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, tin and zinc[J]. Food Additives And Contaminants, 2000, 17(9): 775-786.
[10]	Matsuda R, Sasaki K, Sakai H, et al. Estimation of daily dietary intake of aluminum[J]. Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan , 2001, 42(1): 18-23.
[11]	Pennington Jat, Schoen SA.Estimates of dietary Exposure to Aluminum[J]. Food Additives And Contaminants, 1995, 12(1): 119-128.
[12]	Priest ND, Talbot RJ, Austin JG, et al. The bioavailability of Al-26-labelled aluminium citrate and aluminium hydroxide in volunteers[J]. Biometals, 1996, 9(3): 221-228.
[13]	King SJ, Day JP, Oldham C, et al.. The influence of dissolved silicate on the physiological chemistry of aluminium, studied in humans using tracer Al-26 and accelerator mass spectrometry[J]. Nuclear Instruments & Methods In Physics Research Section B-Beam Interactions With Materials And Atoms, 1997, 123(1-4): 254-258.
[14]	Moore PB, Day JP, Taylor GA, et al. Absorption of aluminium-26 in Alzheimer's disease, measured using accelerator mass spectrometry[J]. DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS, 2000, 11(2): 66-69.
[15]	Flaten TP, Alfrey AC, Birchall JD, et al. Status and future concerns of clinical and environmental aluminum toxicology[J]. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 1996, 48(6): 527-541.
[16]	Exley C, Burgess E, Day JP, et al. Aluminum toxicokinetics[J]. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 1996, 48(6): 569-584.
[17]	Exley C . Aluminium in Life: From Acid Rain to Alzheimer's disease - Fifth Keele Meeting on Aluminium - 23rd to 25th February2003[J]. J.Inorg. Biochem,2003, 97 (1): VII-VII.
[18]	Wang CY, Bi SP, Luo MB.Review on the progress of analytical methodologies for polynuclear aluminum in environmental water systems[J]. Rew.Anal. Chem, 2003, 22(1): 53-71.
[19]	Trevisanato SI, Kim YI.Tea and health[J]. Nutr. Rev, 2000, 58(1): 1-10.
[20]	谢忠雷. 茶叶铝含量与茶园土壤pH值的关系[J]. 吉林大学自然科学学报, 1998, 2(4):89-92.
[21]	孙云,郑金凯. 乌龙茶中铝的含量的分析[J]. 福建茶叶,1994, 1:15-18.
[22]	林智, 吴洵, 俞永明. 土壤pH值对茶树生长及矿质元素吸收的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 1990,10(2): 27-32.
[23]	高舸, 陶锐. 茶叶中铝的卫生学实验研究[J]. 中国公共卫生,2001, 17(3): 221-223.
[24]	Jorhem L, Haegglund G.Aluminum In Foodstuffs And Diets In Sweden[J]. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch, 1992, 194(1): 38-42.
[25]	Owen LMW, Crews HM, Massey RC.Aluminum In Tea - SEC-ICP-MS Speciation Studies of Infutions And Simulated Gastrointestinal Digests[J]. Chem. Spec. Bioavail, 1992, 4(3): 89-96.
[26]	Muller JP, Steinegger A, Schlatter C.Contribution of Aluminum From Packaging Materials And Cooking Utensils To The Daily Aluminum Intake[J]. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch, 1993, 197(4): 332-341.
[27]	Muller JP, Steinegger A, Schlatter C.Gastrointestinal Availability of Aluminum From Tea[J]. Food Chem. Toxicol, 1993, 31(6): 449-454.
[28]	Minoia C, Sabbioni E, Ronchi A, et al.. Trace-Element Reference Values In Tissues From Inhabitants of The European-Community 4 Influence of Dietary Factors[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 1994, 141: 181-195.
[29]	Rao K.S.J. Aluminum Content In Tea Leaves And In Differently Prepared Tea Infusions[J].Nahrung-Food, 1994, 38(5): 533-537.
[30]	Lamble K, Hill SJ.Determination of Trace-Metals In Tea Using Both Microwave Digestion At Atmospheric-Pressure And Inductively-Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission-Spectrometry[J]. Analyst, 1995, 120(2): 413-417.
[31]	Fukushima M, Tanimura A.Action and absorption possibility of aluminium in infused green tea, black tea, oolong tea and instant coffee solution at simulated human gastric juice[J]. Journal of The Japanese Society For Food Science And Technology Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 1996, 43(8): 939-945.
[32]	Zhou CY, Wu J, Chi H. Wong MK, Koh LL, Wee YC.The behaviour of leached aluminium in tea infusions[J]. Sci. Total Environ, 1996, 177: 9-16.
[33]	Fimreite N, Hansen OO, Pettersen HC.Aluminum concentrations in selected foods prepared in aluminum cookware, and its implications for human health[J]. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 1997, 58(1): 1-7.
[34]	Flaten AK, Lund W.Speciation of aluminium in tea infusions studied by size exclusion chromatography with detection by post-column reaction[J]. Sci. Total Environ, 1997, 207(1): 21-28.
[35]	Wong MH, Zhang ZQ, Wong JWC, Lan CY.Trace metal contents (Al, Cu and Zn) of tea: tea and soil from two tea plantations, and tea products from different provinces of China[J].Environ.Geochem. Health, 1998, 20(2): 87-94.
[36]	Wrobel K, Wrobel K, Urbina EMC.Determination of total aluminum, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, and nickel and their fractions leached to the infusions of black tea, green tea, Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Ilex paraguariensis (mate) by ETA-AAS[J]. Biol. Trace Elem. Res, 2000, 78(1-3): 271-280.
[37]	Harris WR, Berthon G, Day JP, et al. Speciation of aluminum in biological systems[J]. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 1996, 48(6): 543-568.
[38]	黄淦泉, 钱沙华, 沈小东. 茶叶中铝的形态分析研究[J]. 茶叶, 1991, 17(4), 17-20.
[39]	Nagata T, Hayatsu M, Kosuge N.Identification of Aluminum Forms In Tea Leaves By Al-27 NMR[J]. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(4): 1215-1218.
[40]	Flaten TP.Aluminium in tea - concentrations, speciation and bioavailability[J]. Coordination Chemistry Reviews , 2002, 228, 385-395.
[41]	French P, Gardner MJ, Gunn AM.Dietary Aluminium And Alzheimers-Disease[J]. Food Chem. Toxicol, 1989, 27(7): 495-496.
[42]	Mhatre SN, Iyer RK, Moorthy PN.Characterization of Aluminium Complexes In Tea Extract .1. AL-27 NMR-Studies[J]. Magn. Reson. Chem, 1993, 31(2): 169-175.
[43]	Horie H, Mukai T, Goto T, Nagata T.Analysis of Chemical Forms of Aluminium In Tea Infusions By Using Al-27-NMR[J]. Journal of The Japanese Society For Food Science And Technology- Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi, 1994, 41(2): 120-122.
[44]	Koch KR, Pougnet MAB, Devilliers S, Monteagudo F.Increased Urinary-Excretion of Al After Drinking Tea[J]. Nature, 1988, 333(6169): 122-122 .
[45]	Drewitt PN, Butterworth KR, Springall CD, Moorhouse SR.Plasma-Levels of Aluminium After Tea Ingestion In Healthy-Volunteers[J]. Food Chem. Toxicol, 1993, 31(1): 19-23.
[46]	Gardner MJ, Gunn AM.Speciation And Bioavail Ability of Aluminum In Drinking-Water s[J]. Chem. Spec. Bioavail, 1995, 7(1): 9-16.
[47]	Wu J, Zhou CY, Wong MK, Lee HK, Ong CN.Urine levels of aluminum after drinking tea[J]. Biol. Trace Elem. Res, 1997, 57(3): 271-280.
[48]	Flaten TP.Aluminium as a risk factor in Alzheimer's disease, with emphasis on drinking water[J]. Brain Res. Bull. 2001, 55(2): 187-196.
[49]	Forster DP, Newens AJ, Kay DWK, Edwardson JA, RISK-FACTORS IN CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED Presenile-Dementia of The Alzheimer-Type-A Case-Control Study in Northern England[J]. J. Epidemiol. Community Health, 1995, 49(3): 253-258.
[50]	Greger JL, Sutherland JE.Aluminum exposure and metabolism[J]. Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci. 1997, 34(5): 439-474.