茶树单体和聚合态儿茶素生物合成的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 儿茶素类化合物,主要包括单体儿茶素和聚合态儿茶素,是茶树（Camellia sinensis）多酚主要组成部分,是绿茶“茶味”决定性成分。茶树儿茶素类化合物合成与积累具有显著的组织器官特异性,鲜叶中主要积累单体儿茶素,根中以积累聚合态儿茶素为主。类黄酮代谢途径下游的无色花青素还原酶（LAR）和花青素还原酶（ANR）是决定茶树儿茶素类化合物类型的关键酶类。本文主要综述了茶树儿茶素类化合物合成、积累、转录调控研究进展,重点关注LAR、ANR以及无色花青素双加氧酶（LODX）功能和基因转录调控的最新研究进展,并对儿茶素合成途径待解决问题提出了自己的观点。

关键词: 儿茶素, 原花青素, 无色花青素还原酶, 花青素还原酶, 无色花青素双加氧酶

Abstract: Catechin compounds, mainly including monomeric catechins and polymericcatechins, are the main components of tea polyphenols in Camellia sinensis and the decisive components of the "taste" of green tea. The synthesis and accumulation of tea catechin compounds have remarkable tissue- and organ- specificity. The leaves mainly biosynthesize monomeric catechins, and roots mainly accumulate polymeric catechins. The downstream enzymes of flavonoid metabolism pathway, leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanin reductase (ANR) are the key enzymes determining the types of catechins. This paper mainly reviewed the research progress on the biosynthesis, accumulation, and transcriptional regulation of catechins in Camellia sinensis, with emphasis on the latest research progress in the function and transcriptional regulation of LAR, ANR and leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LODX). Our views on the unsolved problems in catechin synthetic pathway were also proposed.

Key words: catechins, proanthocyanidins, leucoanthocyanidin reductase, anthocyanin reductase, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase

中图分类号:

S571.1

刘亚军, 王培强, 蒋晓岚, 庄菊花, 高丽萍, 夏涛. 茶树单体和聚合态儿茶素生物合成的研究进展[J]. 茶叶科学, 2022, 42(1): 1-17.

LIU Yajun, WANG Peiqiang, JIANG Xiaolan, ZHUANG Juhua, GAO Liping, XIA Tao. Research Progress on the Biosynthesis of Monomeric and Polymeric Catechins in Camellia sinensis[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2022, 42(1): 1-17.

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