低温胁迫下茶树叶片细胞壁结构变化及光合特性

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.06.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨茶树响应低温胁迫的分子机制,通过模拟“倒春寒”温度模式,以低温处理下的福鼎大白茶为研究材料进行转录组测序。利用GO和KEGG数据库对差异基因代谢通路进行富集分析,发现差异基因主要富集在与植物细胞壁和光合作用相关的代谢通路。选取13个差异基因进行实时荧光定量PCR验证,结果与转录组测序结果趋势一致,证明转录组数据可靠。以福鼎大白茶和舒茶早为试验材料,对茶树叶片组织结构、细胞壁组分含量、叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数等生理指标进行测定。结果显示,低温胁迫后福鼎大白茶和舒茶早叶片各组织结构均有不同程度的增厚,叶片纤维素、半纤维含量变化显著,果胶含量变化不明显;叶绿素含量、光化学猝灭系数、最大光化学效率和相对电子传递速率呈下降趋势,非光化学猝灭系数呈上升趋势。结果表明,茶树叶片细胞壁组分变化尤其是半纤维素和光合相关参数的改变在响应低温的过程中发挥着重要作用。

关键词: 茶树, 低温胁迫, 转录组, 细胞壁, 光合作用

Abstract: To investigate the molecular mechanisms of tea plants in response to low temperature stress, this study simulated the spring chill temperature pattern, using ‘Fuding Dabaicha’ as the experimental material for transcriptome sequencing, and subjected it to varying low temperature treatments. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using the GO and KEGG pathway databases for metabolic pathway enrichment analysis, which revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in plant cell wall and metabolic pathways related to photosynthesis. Subsequently, thirteen DEGs were selected for validation via real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), confirming the consistency of the qPCR results with the transcriptome sequencing data, thereby validating the reliability of the transcriptome data. In a subsequent study, two tea cultivars, ‘Fuding Dabaicha’ and ‘Shuchazao’, were used to evaluate various physiological indices, including leaf tissue structure, the contents of various cell wall components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin), chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The results indicate that the leaf tissue structures of both tea cultivars underwent different degrees of thickening in response to low-temperature stress. Notably, significant differences were observed in the contents of cellulose and hemicellulose between the two cultivars, whereas the pectin content change was less pronounced. Furthermore, the chlorophyll content, photochemical quenching coefficient, maximum photochemical efficiency, and relative electron transport rate all exhibited a downward trend. Conversely, the non-photochemical quenching coefficient showed an upward trend. These observations highlight the key role of changes in cell wall components, particularly hemicellulose, and changes in photosynthesis-related parameters in the tea plants’ response to low temperature.

Key words: tea plant, low-temperature stress, transcriptome, cell wall, photosynthetic characteristics

中图分类号:

S571.1
S326

刘晓璐, 朱亚兰, 于敏, 盖新月, 范延艮, 孙平, 黄晓琴. 低温胁迫下茶树叶片细胞壁结构变化及光合特性[J]. 茶叶科学, 2024, 44(6): 917-927. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.06.001.

LIU Xiaolu, ZHU Yalan, YU Min, GAI Xinyue, FAN Yangen, SUN Ping, HUANG Xiaoqin. Changes in Cell Wall Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tea Leaves under Low Temperature Stress[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2024, 44(6): 917-927. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.06.001.

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