茶橙瘿螨初期侵染不同抗性茶树品种的代谢组分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究茶橙瘿螨（Acaphylla theae）初期侵染对不同抗性茶树品种的代谢响应机制,以抗螨茶树品种‘梅占’和感螨品种‘福云6号’为材料,分析其在螨害处理24 h后的代谢组变化。通过超高效液相色谱串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）结合生理生化指标测定,比较2个品种的次生代谢产物差异[筛选标准：变量投影重要性（Variable importance in projection,VIP）>1且P≤0.05]。结果表明,螨害胁迫下,抗性品种的总酚和总黄酮含量显著高于感螨品种,而氨基酸和游离脂肪酸含量则显著低于感螨品种。代谢组学分析鉴定出370个显著差异代谢物,主要涉及黄酮类、生物碱和脂质物质。KEGG通路富集分析表明,差异代谢物显著富集于黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成途径,其中柚皮素、槲皮素、杨梅素和芹菜素等关键黄酮类物质在抗性品种中显著积累。综上,茶橙瘿螨初期侵染可诱导茶树激活黄酮类代谢途径,而抗性品种通过增强柚皮素、槲皮素等次生代谢产物的合成,形成区别于感螨品种的防御响应机制。该研究为解析茶树抗螨的分子机制及抗性育种提供了理论依据。

关键词: 茶橙瘿螨, 茶树, 抗性, 代谢组分析, 代谢物

Abstract: To investigate the metabolic response mechanisms of tea plants with different resistance levels at the early stage of infestation by the tea orange mite (Acaphylla theae), this study used the mite-resistant cultivar ‘Meizhan’ and the mite-susceptible cultivar ‘Fuyun 6’ as materials to analyze the metabolomic changes 24 hours after mite infestation. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) combined with physiological and biochemical index measurements was employed to compare differences in secondary metabolites between the two cultivars (screening criteria: VIP>1 and P≤0.05). The results show that under mite stress, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the resistant cultivar were significantly higher than those in the susceptible cultivar, while the amino acid and free fatty acid contents were significantly lower. Metabolomic analysis identified 370 significantly differential metabolites, primarily involving flavonoids, alkaloids and lipids. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis reveals that the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in the flavonoid and flavonol biosynthetic pathways, with key flavonoids such as naringenin, quercetin, myricetin, and apigenin accumulating significantly in the resistant cultivar. In conclusion, early infestation by the tea orange mite induces the activation of flavonoid metabolic pathways in tea plants, and the resistant cultivar enhances the synthesis of secondary metabolites such as naringenin and quercetin, forming a distinct defense response mechanism from that of the susceptible cultivar. This study provided a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of mite resistance in tea plants and for breeding resistant cultivars.

Key words: Acaphylla theae, tea plant, resistance, metabolomics analysis, metabolites

中图分类号:

张辉, 刘丰静, 李慧玲, 李良德, 王庆森, 王定锋. 茶橙瘿螨初期侵染不同抗性茶树品种的代谢组分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2025, 45(3): 415-426.

ZHANG Hui, LIU Fengjing, LI Huiling, LI Liangde, WANG Qingsen, WANG Dingfeng. Metabolomics Analysis of Different Resistant Tea Cultivars Infected by Acaphylla theae in The Early Stage[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2025, 45(3): 415-426.

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