Abstract: Nitrogen metabolism genes play a key role in tea plants′ response to various environmental stresses. They do this mainly by regulating metabolites in different pathways. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of nitrogen metabolism genes in tea plants using techniques such as transcriptome and metabolome analysis, genome identification. However, there are still many scientific problems that need to be solved urgently, such as the low genetic transformation efficiency of tea plants, the limited research on gene epigenetics, and the limited application of gene breeding in production. This article systematically summarized the expression patterns of nitrogen metabolism genes in tea plants under different stress conditions, organs, and soil elements, as well as the research progress on the regulation mechanism of carbon and nitrogen balance in tea plants under different stresses, revealing the importance of these genes in tea plant stress adaptation and quality improvement. In addition, the research methods, transgenic technology, and breeding applications of nitrogen metabolism genes in tea plants were discussed in order to provide reference for the study of nitrogen metabolism gene regulation mechanisms and breeding research in tea plants.

Key words: tea plant, nitrogen metabolism, stress, gene expression, research progress