不同品种茶树叶片功能性状及光合特性的比较

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2016.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以18个茶树品种（系）为研究对象,测量了茶树叶片的叶面积、叶形指数、比叶面积、干物质含量、叶绿素a、叶绿素b及其比值、叶绿素总量、类胡萝卜素及光合特性,并分析了叶片功能性状和光合特性之间的相关性。结果表明,茶树叶片叶形指数、干物质含量、气孔导度的变异系数低于10%,其余11项指标的变异系数为15.08%~43.22%,表现出较高的多样性水平;比叶面积与干物质含量之间存在显著负相关,叶形指数和叶面积与其他叶片功能指标均无显著相关;干物质含量与光合色素之间存在显著相关,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a/叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素两两之间存在极显著相关性;净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率两两之间存在极显著正相关,且气孔导度与胞间CO₂浓度呈显著正相关,茶叶光合速率主要受气孔限制的影响;净光合速率与干物质含量之间存在显著正相关,净光合速率、蒸腾速率与光合色素含量之间存在显著或极显著正相关,说明光合色素含量高的品种具有更强的光合能力和干物质积累能力;气孔导度、水分利用效率与叶片功能性状之间相关性不显著。14号茶树品种比叶面积相对较低,同时具有较高的干物质含量、净光合速率和水分利用效率,属于抗旱性较强、光合速率和水分利用效率高的品种,可作为抗旱性强、高光效的茶树品种进一步选育和应用。

关键词: 茶树, 不同品种（系）, 叶片功能性状, 光合特征

Abstract: The leaf functional and photosynthetic characteristics were studied in 18 tea cultivars to explore their potential relationships. The leaf functional characteristics contained leaf area, leaf index (LI), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), Chla, Chlb, Chl a/b, Chl and Car. The photosynthetic indexes included net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration, transpiration rate (T_r) and water use efficiency (WUE). The results showed that the LI, LDMC and G_s had low coefficients of variation (CV<10%) Whereas the CV of the rest 11 indices ranged from 15.08% to 42.69%, indicating a high level of diversity. The SLA was significantly and negatively correlated with LDMC, but LI and LA had no significant correlations with other leaf functional indicators. The LDMC was significant correlated with photosynthetic pigments. The Chla, Chlb, Chla/Chlb, Chl and Car were significantly and positively correlated with each other. The P_n, G_s and T_rhad significant correlationship with each other. The G_swas significantly and positively correlated with C_i. The photosynthetic rate was mainly affected by stomatal limitation. The P_n and T_r had significant or highly significant correlationship with photosynthetic pigments, and the P_n had significant and positive correlation with LDMC. The results showed that higher photosynthetic pigments in tea cultivars had stronger photosynthetic production and dry matte accumulation. However, the G_s and WUE were not significantly correlated with leaf functional indices. The new tea cultivar-14 had relatively low SLA, but high LDMC, P_n and WUE. Therefore, it might be a tea cultivar with high drought resistance and photosynthetic efficiency, which could be used as a new material for tea breeding.

Key words: tea plant, different tea cultivars, leaf functional characteristics, leaf photosynthetic characteristics

中图分类号:

王峰, 陈玉真, 王秀萍, 尤志明, 陈常颂. 不同品种茶树叶片功能性状及光合特性的比较[J]. 茶叶科学, 2016, 36(3): 285-292. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2016.03.008.

WANG Feng, CHEN Yuzhen, WANG Xiuping, YOU Zhiming, CHEN Changsong. Comparison of Leaf Functional and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Different Tea Cultivars[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2016, 36(3): 285-292. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2016.03.008.

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