Effects of the Combined Application of Biochar and Nitrogen on Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Tea Plants

WANG Feng; WU Zhidan; CHEN Yuzhen; JIANG Fuying; ZHU Liugang; ZHANG Wenjin; WENG Boqi; YOU Zhiming

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2018.04.001

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Journal of Tea Science ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4) : 331-341. DOI: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2018.04.001

Effects of the Combined Application of Biochar and Nitrogen on Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Tea Plants

WANG Feng^1,2, WU Zhidan^1,2, CHEN Yuzhen^1,2, JIANG Fuying^1,2, ZHU Liugang^1,2, ZHANG Wenjin^1,2, WENG Boqi³, YOU Zhiming^1,2,*

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Abstract

A pool experiment was conducted to study the effects of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on tea plant growth and ¹⁵N transformation (Tree uptake, ammonia volatilization, N₂O emission and soil residual) using ¹⁵N trace technique. The results showed that the N application treatments improved the tea plant growth, and the tea yields of nitrogen application treatments increased from 68.06% to 112.63% as compared B₀N₀. Biochar effect on tea yields varied with N applications. Under N₀ and N₁ conditions, the tea yields of B₁N₀ and B₁N₁ treatments increased by 8.82% and 8.75%. But under N₂ conditions, the tea yield of B₁N₂ treatment was slightly reduced, although not significant. Compared with the B₀N₀, N application significantly increased the amounts of ammonia volatilization and N₂O emission. Under N₁ conditions, the B₁N₁ treatment reduced the ammonia volatilization and N₂O emission by 5.87% and 4.99% respectively. Under N₂ conditions, the B₁N₂ treatment reduced the ammonia volatilization and N₂O emission by 9.97% and 11.41% respectively. Compared with N treatment, the biochar mixed with N treatments increased the nitrogen concentration, ¹⁵N and the contribution of N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) in different parts of tea plants, thereby facilitated nitrogen uptake. The ¹⁵N use efficiency and ¹⁵N residue rate of biochar mixed with N treatments were higher than those of the N treatments with the percentages increasing by 0.46 to 3.93 percent and 4.09 to 14.37 percent respectively. The ¹⁵N loss rates of biochar mixed with N treatments were lower than those under N treatments, which were 4.54% to 18.30% differences, especially for B₁N₁treatment. In general, application of biochar in tea garden soil could promote N uptake in tea plants, increase the N fixed by soil and decrease N gaseous loss, thus improve the N use efficiency. Taken together, the results supported the theory of “less N fertilizer and increase yield” under B₁N₁ treatment, and this approach could be applied in tea production.

Key words

biochar / nitrogen fertilizer / nitrogen gaseous loss / nitrogen residue / nitrogen use efficiency / tea plants

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WANG Feng, WU Zhidan, CHEN Yuzhen, JIANG Fuying, ZHU Liugang, ZHANG Wenjin, WENG Boqi, YOU Zhiming. Effects of the Combined Application of Biochar and Nitrogen on Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Tea Plants[J]. Journal of Tea Science. 2018, 38(4): 331-341 https://doi.org/10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2018.04.001

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