茶树对铬、镉的吸收积累特性研究

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2008.05.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过水培实验,研究了茶树（3个品种）受铬（Cr³⁺）、镉（Cd²⁺）毒害的表观症状以及铬、镉在茶树体内的分布、积累特性。结果表明：铬（20~100 mg/L）、镉（1~5 mg/L）胁迫下,茶树出现的毒害症状和对新梢生长的抑制效应因胁迫浓度、时间和品种而异。茶树各器官的铬、镉含量总体随铬、镉胁迫浓度的增加而增加,并且与胁迫浓度呈极显著或显著正相关。铬在茶树体内由高到低的分布次序是：吸收根>主根>主茎>枝条>老叶>新梢（一芽二叶）;镉则为：吸收根>主根>主茎>新梢（一芽二叶）>枝条>老叶。根部吸收的铬、镉元素大部分被吸收根所固定,向地上部运输的比例较低,但镉在茶树体内的活性和迁移能力强于铬,运输到地上部的镉极易迁移到新梢中。新梢不同叶位镉含量的高低顺序为：第一叶>第二叶>第三叶>第四叶,新梢中的镉有明显向上富集的趋势。不同品种的茶树对铬、镉的吸收、积累和迁移能力有一定差异。

关键词: 铬, 镉, 茶树, 积累, 毒害症状

Abstract: The accumulation and distribution of Cr³⁺ and Cd²⁺ in hydroponic cultured different tea cultivars including Mingshan131, Mingshan213 and Fudingdabaicha and their toxic symptoms to these plants had been studied. The results indicated that the inhibitory effects and toxic symptoms of Cr³⁺ and Cd²⁺ on tea plants new shoots and new shoots of tea plants changed with different stress concentration, time and tea cultivars under Cr³⁺(20~100 mg/L), Cd²⁺（1~5 mg/L）stress. The concentrations of Cr and Cd in tea plants increased with the increasing of Cr³⁺ and Cd²⁺ stress or the prolonging of treated times. The total content of chromium and cadmium in all organs of tea plant was significantly positively correlated with the chromium, cadmium concentrations and the distribution order of Cr in the tea plants was: fine roots> main root> main stem> branches> old leaves>new shoots (one bud two leaves) while that of Cd was: fine roots> main root>main stem>new shoots (one bud two leaves)> branches> old leaves. Chromium and cadmium elements absorbed by roots were fixed in the fine root and the proportion of transport to upper was low, but the activity and transfer ability of cadmium in tea are stronger than that of chromium. Cadmium transported to the ground and could easily be migrated to new shoots. The order of Cadmium content in different leaf location of new shoots was: the bud> the second >the third >the fourth leaves. Cadmium had an obvious upward trend. The absorption, accumulation and migration ability of chromium and cadmium in tea plants changed with the different tea cultivars.

Key words: chromium, cadmium, tea plant, accumulation, the toxic symptom

中图分类号:

唐茜, 叶善蓉, 陈能武, 张苏敏, 谭和平. 茶树对铬、镉的吸收积累特性研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2008, 28(5): 339-347. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2008.05.006.

TANG Qian, YE Shan-rong, CHEN Neng-wu, ZHANG Su-ming, TAN He-ping. Study on the Absorption and Accumulation of Cr³⁺ and Cd²⁺ in Tea Plants[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2008, 28(5): 339-347. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2008.05.006.

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